Increased mortality and AIDS-like immunopathology in wild chimpanzees infected with SIVcpz

Brandon F. Keele, James Holland Jones, Karen A. Terio, Jacob D. Estes, Rebecca S. Rudicell, Michael L. Wilson, Yingying Li, Gerald H. Learn, T. Mark Beasley, Joann Schumacher-Stankey, Emily Wroblewski, Anna Mosser, Jane Raphael, Shadrack Kamenya, Elizabeth V. Lonsdorf, Dominic A. Travis, Titus Mlengeya, Michael J. Kinsel, James G. Else, Guido Silvestri, Jane Goodall, Paul M. Sharp, George M. Shaw, Anne E. Pusey and Beatrice H. Hahn ()
Additional contact information
Brandon F. Keele: Department of Medicine,
James Holland Jones: Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
Karen A. Terio: University of Illinois Zoological Pathology Program, Maywood, Illinois 60153, USA
Jacob D. Estes: The AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Science Applications International Corporation-Frederick Inc., National Cancer Institute-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
Rebecca S. Rudicell: Department of Microbiology,
Michael L. Wilson: University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
Yingying Li: Department of Medicine,
Gerald H. Learn: Department of Medicine,
T. Mark Beasley: University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
Joann Schumacher-Stankey: Jane Goodall Institute’s Center for Primate Studies, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA
Emily Wroblewski: Jane Goodall Institute’s Center for Primate Studies, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA
Anna Mosser: Gombe Stream Research Centre, The Jane Goodall Institute
Jane Raphael: Gombe Stream Research Centre, The Jane Goodall Institute
Shadrack Kamenya: Gombe Stream Research Centre, The Jane Goodall Institute
Elizabeth V. Lonsdorf: The Lester E. Fisher Center for the Study and Conservation of Apes and,
Dominic A. Travis: Lincoln Park Zoo, Chicago, Illinois 60614, USA
Titus Mlengeya: Tanzania National Parks
Michael J. Kinsel: University of Illinois Zoological Pathology Program, Maywood, Illinois 60153, USA
James G. Else: Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
Guido Silvestri: University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA
Jane Goodall: The Jane Goodall Institute, Arlington, Virginia 22203, USA
Paul M. Sharp: Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh
George M. Shaw: Department of Medicine,
Anne E. Pusey: Jane Goodall Institute’s Center for Primate Studies, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA
Beatrice H. Hahn: Department of Medicine,

Nature, 2009, vol. 460, issue 7254, 515-519

Abstract: 'AIDS' in chimpanzees There are more than 40 different types of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infecting African primates, two of which crossed the species barrier to produce the AIDS viruses HIV-1 and HIV-2 in humans. Now a comprehensive natural history study of free-ranging chimpanzees in Gombe National Park has overturned a common assumption about SIVcpz, the precursor of HIV-1. It has been widely assumed that all SIVs are non-pathogenic in their natural hosts. But this new study, which followed 94 chimpanzees for over 9 years, shows that SIVcpz infection is associated with AIDS-like signs in chimpanzees, including a more than 10-fold increase in mortality risk, reduced fertility and progressive CD4+ T-cell depletion. By comparing the disease-causing mechanisms of these related retroviruses in humans and chimpanzees it may be possible to identify viral and host factors of interest to developers of drugs and vaccines for the prevention and treatment of HIV infection.

Date: 2009
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DOI: 10.1038/nature08200

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