The avian Z-linked gene DMRT1 is required for male sex determination in the chicken

Craig A. Smith (), Kelly N. Roeszler, Thomas Ohnesorg, David M. Cummins, Peter G. Farlie, Timothy J. Doran and Andrew H. Sinclair
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Craig A. Smith: The University of Melbourne, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
Kelly N. Roeszler: The University of Melbourne, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
Thomas Ohnesorg: The University of Melbourne, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
David M. Cummins: CSIRO Livestock Industries, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
Peter G. Farlie: The University of Melbourne, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
Timothy J. Doran: CSIRO Livestock Industries, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
Andrew H. Sinclair: The University of Melbourne, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia

Nature, 2009, vol. 461, issue 7261, 267-271

Abstract: Avian sex determination: the Z factor The mammalian sex-determining gene SRY is well known, but the mechanisms underpinning sex determination in birds have been the subject of much debate. One hypothesis posits that the dosage of a Z-linked gene may mediate sex determination, two doses being required for male development (ZZ). Here Smith et al. show that reducing DMRT1 expression in early chicken embryos feminizes the embryonic gonads in genetically male (ZZ) embryos. This study shows that DMRT1 is required for testis formation and lends support to the theory that a double dose of a Z-linked gene is needed to make bird embryos male.

Date: 2009
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DOI: 10.1038/nature08298

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