Complete Khoisan and Bantu genomes from southern Africa

Stephan C. Schuster (), Webb Miller, Aakrosh Ratan, Lynn P. Tomsho, Belinda Giardine, Lindsay R. Kasson, Robert S. Harris, Desiree C. Petersen, Fangqing Zhao, Ji Qi, Can Alkan, Jeffrey M. Kidd, Yazhou Sun, Daniela I. Drautz, Pascal Bouffard, Donna M. Muzny, Jeffrey G. Reid, Lynne V. Nazareth, Qingyu Wang, Richard Burhans, Cathy Riemer, Nicola E. Wittekindt, Priya Moorjani, Elizabeth A. Tindall, Charles G. Danko, Wee Siang Teo, Anne M. Buboltz, Zhenhai Zhang, Qianyi Ma, Arno Oosthuysen, Abraham W. Steenkamp, Hermann Oostuisen, Philippus Venter, John Gajewski, Yu Zhang, B. Franklin Pugh, Kateryna D. Makova, Anton Nekrutenko, Elaine R. Mardis, Nick Patterson, Tom H. Pringle, Francesca Chiaromonte, James C. Mullikin, Evan E. Eichler, Ross C. Hardison, Richard A. Gibbs, Timothy T. Harkins and Vanessa M. Hayes ()
Additional contact information
Stephan C. Schuster: Pennsylvania State University, Center for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics, 310 Wartik Lab, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
Webb Miller: Pennsylvania State University, Center for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics, 310 Wartik Lab, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
Aakrosh Ratan: Pennsylvania State University, Center for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics, 310 Wartik Lab, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
Lynn P. Tomsho: Pennsylvania State University, Center for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics, 310 Wartik Lab, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
Belinda Giardine: Pennsylvania State University, Center for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics, 310 Wartik Lab, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
Lindsay R. Kasson: Pennsylvania State University, Center for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics, 310 Wartik Lab, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
Robert S. Harris: Pennsylvania State University, Center for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics, 310 Wartik Lab, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
Desiree C. Petersen: Cancer Genetics Group, Children’s Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, C25 Lowy Cancer Research Centre University of New South Wales, High Street, New South Wales 2031, Australia
Fangqing Zhao: Pennsylvania State University, Center for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics, 310 Wartik Lab, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
Ji Qi: Pennsylvania State University, Center for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics, 310 Wartik Lab, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
Can Alkan: University of Washington, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Foege S-413-C, Box 355065, Seattle, Washington 98195-5065, USA
Jeffrey M. Kidd: University of Washington, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Foege S-413-C, Box 355065, Seattle, Washington 98195-5065, USA
Yazhou Sun: Pennsylvania State University, Center for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics, 310 Wartik Lab, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
Daniela I. Drautz: Pennsylvania State University, Center for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics, 310 Wartik Lab, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
Pascal Bouffard: Roche Diagnostics Corporation, Indianapolis, Indiana 46250-0414, USA
Donna M. Muzny: The Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
Jeffrey G. Reid: The Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
Lynne V. Nazareth: The Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
Qingyu Wang: Pennsylvania State University, Center for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics, 310 Wartik Lab, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
Richard Burhans: Pennsylvania State University, Center for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics, 310 Wartik Lab, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
Cathy Riemer: Pennsylvania State University, Center for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics, 310 Wartik Lab, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
Nicola E. Wittekindt: Pennsylvania State University, Center for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics, 310 Wartik Lab, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
Priya Moorjani: Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
Elizabeth A. Tindall: Cancer Genetics Group, Children’s Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, C25 Lowy Cancer Research Centre University of New South Wales, High Street, New South Wales 2031, Australia
Charles G. Danko: 101 Biotechnology Building, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
Wee Siang Teo: Cancer Genetics Group, Children’s Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, C25 Lowy Cancer Research Centre University of New South Wales, High Street, New South Wales 2031, Australia
Anne M. Buboltz: Pennsylvania State University, Center for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics, 310 Wartik Lab, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
Zhenhai Zhang: Pennsylvania State University, Center for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics, 310 Wartik Lab, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
Qianyi Ma: Pennsylvania State University, Center for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics, 310 Wartik Lab, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
Arno Oosthuysen: PO Box 1899, Tsumeb, Namibia
Abraham W. Steenkamp: PO Box 180, Arnos, Namibia
Hermann Oostuisen: PO Box 1077, Grootfontein, Namibia
Philippus Venter: University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, P/Bag X1106, 0727 Sovenga, South Africa
John Gajewski: Pennsylvania State University, Center for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics, 310 Wartik Lab, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
Yu Zhang: Pennsylvania State University, Center for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics, 310 Wartik Lab, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
B. Franklin Pugh: Pennsylvania State University, Center for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics, 310 Wartik Lab, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
Kateryna D. Makova: Pennsylvania State University, Center for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics, 310 Wartik Lab, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
Anton Nekrutenko: Pennsylvania State University, Center for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics, 310 Wartik Lab, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
Elaine R. Mardis: Washington University in St Louis, School of Medicine, The Genome Center, 4444 Forest Park Boulevard, St Louis, Missouri 63108, USA
Nick Patterson: Broad Institute of MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) and Harvard University, Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
Tom H. Pringle: Sperling Foundation, Eugene, Oregon 97405, USA
Francesca Chiaromonte: Pennsylvania State University, Center for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics, 310 Wartik Lab, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
James C. Mullikin: National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, 5625 Fishers Lane, Room 5N-01Q, MSC 9400, Rockville, Maryland 20892-9400, USA
Evan E. Eichler: University of Washington, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Foege S-413-C, Box 355065, Seattle, Washington 98195-5065, USA
Ross C. Hardison: Pennsylvania State University, Center for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics, 310 Wartik Lab, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
Richard A. Gibbs: The Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
Timothy T. Harkins: Roche Diagnostics Corporation, Indianapolis, Indiana 46250-0414, USA
Vanessa M. Hayes: Cancer Genetics Group, Children’s Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, C25 Lowy Cancer Research Centre University of New South Wales, High Street, New South Wales 2031, Australia

Nature, 2010, vol. 463, issue 7283, 943-947

Abstract: Southern African genomes The complete genome sequences of an indigenous hunter-gatherer from Namibia's Kalahari Desert and of a Bantu from South Africa are presented in this issue, together with protein-coding regions from three other hunter-gatherer groups from the Kalahari. Analysis of genetic variance in what is probably the oldest known modern human lineage will contribute to understanding human diversity, and facilitate the inclusion of southern Africans in medical genomics research projects. Initial observations from the data include the fact that the Bushmen seem more different from each other, in terms of nucleotide substitutions, than typical Asians and Europeans. More speculatively, variants between these genomes and the existing data sets may point to genetic adaptations for an agricultural lifestyle.

Date: 2010
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DOI: 10.1038/nature08795

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