Random numbers certified by Bell’s theorem

S. Pironio, A. Acín (), S. Massar, A. Boyer de la Giroday, D. N. Matsukevich, P. Maunz, S. Olmschenk, D. Hayes, L. Luo, T. A. Manning and C. Monroe
Additional contact information
S. Pironio: Laboratoire d’Information Quantique, CP 225, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bvd Du Triomphe, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
A. Acín: ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, Mediterranean Technology Park, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
S. Massar: Laboratoire d’Information Quantique, CP 225, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bvd Du Triomphe, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
A. Boyer de la Giroday: Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge University
D. N. Matsukevich: Joint Quantum Institute, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
P. Maunz: Joint Quantum Institute, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
S. Olmschenk: Joint Quantum Institute, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
D. Hayes: Joint Quantum Institute, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
L. Luo: Joint Quantum Institute, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
T. A. Manning: Joint Quantum Institute, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
C. Monroe: Joint Quantum Institute, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA

Nature, 2010, vol. 464, issue 7291, 1021-1024

Abstract: True randomness demonstrated True randomness does not exist in classical physics, where randomness is necessarily a result of forces that may be unknown but exist. The quantum world, however, is intrinsically truly random. This is difficult to prove, as it is not readily distinguishable from noise and other uncontrollable factors. Now Pironio et al. present proof of a quantitative relationship between two fundamental concepts of quantum mechanics — randomness and the non-locality of entangled particles. They first show theoretically that the violation of a Bell inequality certifies the generation of new randomness, independently of any implementation details. To illustrate the approach, they then perform an experiment in which — as confirmed using the theoretical tools that they developed — 42 new random bits have been generated. As well as having conceptual implications, this work has practical implications for cryptography and for numerical simulation of physical and biological systems.

Date: 2010
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DOI: 10.1038/nature09008

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