Nonlinear atom interferometer surpasses classical precision limit

C. Gross, T. Zibold, E. Nicklas, J. Estève and M. K. Oberthaler ()
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C. Gross: Kirchhoff-Institut für Physik, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
T. Zibold: Kirchhoff-Institut für Physik, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
E. Nicklas: Kirchhoff-Institut für Physik, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
J. Estève: Kirchhoff-Institut für Physik, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
M. K. Oberthaler: Kirchhoff-Institut für Physik, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

Nature, 2010, vol. 464, issue 7292, 1165-1169

Abstract: Quantum measurement in a tangle Atom interferometers, which rely on the wave properties of particles, are used in a variety of ultra-high-precision measurements, from determining the gravitational constant to defining the time standard. The precision of interferometers is generally limited by classical statistics, arising from the finite number of atoms used in the experiment. Two papers in this issue demonstrate the potential of 'spin-squeezing' in Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) to facilitate measurements that are more precise than classical statistics allow. Using a specially prepared BEC as the input to an interferometer, Gross et al. beat the classical precision limit. In the second study, Riedel et al. create similar 'spin-squeezed' states in a BEC confined to an 'atom chip' by controlling elastic collisional interactions with a state-dependent potential. This demonstration of multi-particle entanglement on a chip raises the prospect of chip-based portable atomic clocks that also beat the classical precision limits.

Date: 2010
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DOI: 10.1038/nature08919

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