The Amphimedon queenslandica genome and the evolution of animal complexity

Mansi Srivastava (), Oleg Simakov, Jarrod Chapman, Bryony Fahey, Marie E. A. Gauthier, Therese Mitros, Gemma S. Richards, Cecilia Conaco, Michael Dacre, Uffe Hellsten, Claire Larroux, Nicholas H. Putnam, Mario Stanke, Maja Adamska, Aaron Darling, Sandie M. Degnan, Todd H. Oakley, David C. Plachetzki, Yufeng Zhai, Marcin Adamski, Andrew Calcino, Scott F. Cummins, David M. Goodstein, Christina Harris, Daniel J. Jackson, Sally P. Leys, Shengqiang Shu, Ben J. Woodcroft, Michel Vervoort, Kenneth S. Kosik, Gerard Manning, Bernard M. Degnan () and Daniel S. Rokhsar ()
Additional contact information
Mansi Srivastava: University of California
Oleg Simakov: Molecular Evolution Genomics, University of Heidelberg, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
Jarrod Chapman: Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute
Bryony Fahey: School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland
Marie E. A. Gauthier: School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland
Therese Mitros: University of California
Gemma S. Richards: School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland
Cecilia Conaco: Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California Santa Barbara
Michael Dacre: Razavi Newman Center for Bioinformatics, Salk Institute for Biological Studies
Uffe Hellsten: Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute
Claire Larroux: School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland
Nicholas H. Putnam: Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
Mario Stanke: Institut für Mikrobiologie und Genetik, Goldschmidtstr. 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
Maja Adamska: School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland
Aaron Darling: Genome Center, University of California-Davis
Sandie M. Degnan: School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland
Todd H. Oakley: Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California Santa Barbara
David C. Plachetzki: Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California Santa Barbara
Yufeng Zhai: Razavi Newman Center for Bioinformatics, Salk Institute for Biological Studies
Marcin Adamski: School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland
Andrew Calcino: School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland
Scott F. Cummins: School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland
David M. Goodstein: Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute
Christina Harris: School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland
Daniel J. Jackson: School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland
Sally P. Leys: University of Alberta
Shengqiang Shu: Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute
Ben J. Woodcroft: School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland
Michel Vervoort: Development and Neurobiology program Institut Jacques Monod, UMR 7592 CNRS/Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
Kenneth S. Kosik: Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California Santa Barbara
Gerard Manning: Razavi Newman Center for Bioinformatics, Salk Institute for Biological Studies
Bernard M. Degnan: School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland
Daniel S. Rokhsar: University of California

Nature, 2010, vol. 466, issue 7307, 720-726

Abstract: Abstract Sponges are an ancient group of animals that diverged from other metazoans over 600 million years ago. Here we present the draft genome sequence of Amphimedon queenslandica, a demosponge from the Great Barrier Reef, and show that it is remarkably similar to other animal genomes in content, structure and organization. Comparative analysis enabled by the sequencing of the sponge genome reveals genomic events linked to the origin and early evolution of animals, including the appearance, expansion and diversification of pan-metazoan transcription factor, signalling pathway and structural genes. This diverse ‘toolkit’ of genes correlates with critical aspects of all metazoan body plans, and comprises cell cycle control and growth, development, somatic- and germ-cell specification, cell adhesion, innate immunity and allorecognition. Notably, many of the genes associated with the emergence of animals are also implicated in cancer, which arises from defects in basic processes associated with metazoan multicellularity.

Date: 2010
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DOI: 10.1038/nature09201

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