Real-time observation of valence electron motion

Eleftherios Goulielmakis (), Zhi-Heng Loh, Adrian Wirth, Robin Santra, Nina Rohringer, Vladislav S. Yakovlev, Sergey Zherebtsov, Thomas Pfeifer, Abdallah M. Azzeer, Matthias F. Kling, Stephen R. Leone () and Ferenc Krausz ()
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Eleftherios Goulielmakis: Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
Zhi-Heng Loh: University of California
Adrian Wirth: Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
Robin Santra: Argonne National Laboratory
Nina Rohringer: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Vladislav S. Yakovlev: Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
Sergey Zherebtsov: Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
Thomas Pfeifer: University of California
Abdallah M. Azzeer: King Saud University
Matthias F. Kling: Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
Stephen R. Leone: University of California
Ferenc Krausz: Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany

Nature, 2010, vol. 466, issue 7307, 739-743

Abstract: Attosecond snapshots of valence electrons Chemical reactions are triggered by the dynamics of valence electrons in molecular orbitals. These motions typically unfold on a subfemtosecond scale and have eluded real-time access until now. Attosecond spectroscopy (an attosecond is 10−18 seconds), first applied to tracking electronic transitions from one quantum state to another, has now been extended to follow the hyperfast (subfemtosecond) motion of electron wavepackets in the valence shell — the bond-forming electrons — of krypton ions. This first proof-of-principle demonstration uses a simple system, but the expectation is that attosecond transient absorption spectroscopy of this type will ultimately reveal the elementary electron motions in molecules and solid-state materials that determine physical, chemical and biological properties.

Date: 2010
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DOI: 10.1038/nature09212

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