High-resolution tunnelling spectroscopy of a graphene quartet

Young Jae Song, Alexander F. Otte, Young Kuk, Yike Hu, David B. Torrance, Phillip N. First, Walt A. de Heer, Hongki Min, Shaffique Adam, Mark D. Stiles, Allan H. MacDonald and Joseph A. Stroscio ()
Additional contact information
Young Jae Song: Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, NIST
Alexander F. Otte: Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, NIST
Young Kuk: Seoul National University
Yike Hu: School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology
David B. Torrance: School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology
Phillip N. First: School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology
Walt A. de Heer: School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology
Hongki Min: Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, NIST
Shaffique Adam: Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, NIST
Mark D. Stiles: Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, NIST
Allan H. MacDonald: University of Texas at Austin
Joseph A. Stroscio: Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, NIST

Nature, 2010, vol. 467, issue 7312, 185-189

Abstract: Graphene's quantum quartet The unique electronic structure of graphene, a material made of carbon sheets just one atom thick, makes it of interest both to materials scientists looking for possible technological applications and to the study of fundamental aspects of physics. Young Jae Song et al. have studied one aspect of graphene's uniqueness — the fourfold energy degeneracy that means that a single Landau level (a peak in the density of states produced by a magnetic field) consists of four separate quantum states. Using a high-resolution scanning tunnelling microscope that operates at a record low temperature of down to 10 millikelvin, they perform tunnelling spectroscopy measurements on epitaxial graphene. They obtain spectral fingerprints of the Landau levels, showing in fine detail how they evolve with magnetic fields and how they split (at high fields) into the four separate quantum states. The authors observe states with fractional Landau level filling factors of 7/2, 9/2 and 11/2, which are suggestive of new many-body states in graphene.

Date: 2010
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DOI: 10.1038/nature09330

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