Ocean nutrient ratios governed by plankton biogeography

Thomas S. Weber () and Curtis Deutsch
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Thomas S. Weber: University of California Los Angeles
Curtis Deutsch: University of California Los Angeles

Nature, 2010, vol. 467, issue 7315, 550-554

Abstract: Abstract The major nutrients nitrate and phosphate have one of the strongest correlations in the sea, with a slope similar to the average nitrogen (N) to phosphorus (P) content of plankton biomass (N/P = 16:1). The processes through which this global relationship emerges despite the wide range of N/P ratios at the organism level are not known. Here we use an ocean circulation model and observed nutrient distributions to show that the N/P ratio of biological nutrient removal varies across latitude in Southern Ocean surface waters, from 12:1 in the polar ocean to 20:1 in the sub-Antarctic zone. These variations are governed by regional differences in the species composition of the plankton community. The covariation of dissolved nitrate and phosphate is maintained by ocean circulation, which mixes the shallow subsurface nutrients between distinct biogeographic provinces. Climate-driven shifts in these marine biomes may alter the mean N/P ratio and the associated carbon export by Southern Ocean ecosystems.

Date: 2010
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DOI: 10.1038/nature09403

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