Unprecedented Arctic ozone loss in 2011

Gloria L. Manney (), Michelle L. Santee (), Markus Rex, Nathaniel J. Livesey, Michael C. Pitts, Pepijn Veefkind, Eric R. Nash, Ingo Wohltmann, Ralph Lehmann, Lucien Froidevaux, Lamont R. Poole, Mark R. Schoeberl, David P. Haffner, Jonathan Davies, Valery Dorokhov, Hartwig Gernandt, Bryan Johnson, Rigel Kivi, Esko Kyrö, Niels Larsen, Pieternel F. Levelt, Alexander Makshtas, C. Thomas McElroy, Hideaki Nakajima, Maria Concepción Parrondo, David W. Tarasick, Peter von der Gathen, Kaley A. Walker and Nikita S. Zinoviev
Additional contact information
Gloria L. Manney: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology
Michelle L. Santee: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology
Markus Rex: Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research
Nathaniel J. Livesey: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology
Michael C. Pitts: NASA Langley Research Center
Pepijn Veefkind: Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute
Eric R. Nash: Science Systems and Applications, Inc.
Ingo Wohltmann: Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research
Ralph Lehmann: Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research
Lucien Froidevaux: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology
Lamont R. Poole: Science Systems and Applications, Inc.
Mark R. Schoeberl: Science and Technology Corporation
David P. Haffner: Science Systems and Applications, Inc.
Jonathan Davies: Environment Canada
Valery Dorokhov: Central Aerological Observatory
Hartwig Gernandt: Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research
Bryan Johnson: NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory
Rigel Kivi: Arctic Research Center, Finnish Meteorological Institute
Esko Kyrö: Arctic Research Center, Finnish Meteorological Institute
Niels Larsen: Danish Climate Center, Danish Meteorological Institute
Pieternel F. Levelt: Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute
Alexander Makshtas: Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute
C. Thomas McElroy: Environment Canada
Hideaki Nakajima: National Institute for Environmental Studies
Maria Concepción Parrondo: National Institute for Aerospace Technology
David W. Tarasick: Environment Canada
Peter von der Gathen: Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research
Kaley A. Walker: University of Toronto
Nikita S. Zinoviev: Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute

Nature, 2011, vol. 478, issue 7370, 469-475

Abstract: Abstract Chemical ozone destruction occurs over both polar regions in local winter–spring. In the Antarctic, essentially complete removal of lower-stratospheric ozone currently results in an ozone hole every year, whereas in the Arctic, ozone loss is highly variable and has until now been much more limited. Here we demonstrate that chemical ozone destruction over the Arctic in early 2011 was—for the first time in the observational record—comparable to that in the Antarctic ozone hole. Unusually long-lasting cold conditions in the Arctic lower stratosphere led to persistent enhancement in ozone-destroying forms of chlorine and to unprecedented ozone loss, which exceeded 80 per cent over 18–20 kilometres altitude. Our results show that Arctic ozone holes are possible even with temperatures much milder than those in the Antarctic. We cannot at present predict when such severe Arctic ozone depletion may be matched or exceeded.

Date: 2011
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DOI: 10.1038/nature10556

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