Antibiotics in early life alter the murine colonic microbiome and adiposity

Ilseung Cho, Shingo Yamanishi, Laura Cox, Barbara A. Methé, Jiri Zavadil, Kelvin Li, Zhan Gao, Douglas Mahana, Kartik Raju, Isabel Teitler, Huilin Li, Alexander V. Alekseyenko and Martin J. Blaser ()
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Ilseung Cho: New York University School of Medicine
Shingo Yamanishi: New York University School of Medicine
Laura Cox: New York University School of Medicine
Barbara A. Methé: J. Craig Venter Institute
Jiri Zavadil: New York University School of Medicine
Kelvin Li: J. Craig Venter Institute
Zhan Gao: New York University School of Medicine
Douglas Mahana: New York University School of Medicine
Kartik Raju: New York University School of Medicine
Isabel Teitler: New York University School of Medicine
Huilin Li: New York University School of Medicine
Alexander V. Alekseyenko: New York University School of Medicine
Martin J. Blaser: New York University School of Medicine

Nature, 2012, vol. 488, issue 7413, 621-626

Abstract: Abstract Antibiotics administered in low doses have been widely used as growth promoters in the agricultural industry since the 1950s, yet the mechanisms for this effect are unclear. Because antimicrobial agents of different classes and varying activity are effective across several vertebrate species, we proposed that such subtherapeutic administration alters the population structure of the gut microbiome as well as its metabolic capabilities. We generated a model of adiposity by giving subtherapeutic antibiotic therapy to young mice and evaluated changes in the composition and capabilities of the gut microbiome. Administration of subtherapeutic antibiotic therapy increased adiposity in young mice and increased hormone levels related to metabolism. We observed substantial taxonomic changes in the microbiome, changes in copies of key genes involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates to short-chain fatty acids, increases in colonic short-chain fatty acid levels, and alterations in the regulation of hepatic metabolism of lipids and cholesterol. In this model, we demonstrate the alteration of early-life murine metabolic homeostasis through antibiotic manipulation.

Date: 2012
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DOI: 10.1038/nature11400

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