Functional organization of human sensorimotor cortex for speech articulation

Kristofer E. Bouchard, Nima Mesgarani, Keith Johnson and Edward F. Chang ()
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Kristofer E. Bouchard: University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
Nima Mesgarani: University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
Keith Johnson: University of California, Berkeley, 1203 Dwinelle Hall, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
Edward F. Chang: University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, California 94143, USA

Nature, 2013, vol. 495, issue 7441, 327-332

Abstract: Abstract Speaking is one of the most complex actions that we perform, but nearly all of us learn to do it effortlessly. Production of fluent speech requires the precise, coordinated movement of multiple articulators (for example, the lips, jaw, tongue and larynx) over rapid time scales. Here we used high-resolution, multi-electrode cortical recordings during the production of consonant-vowel syllables to determine the organization of speech sensorimotor cortex in humans. We found speech-articulator representations that are arranged somatotopically on ventral pre- and post-central gyri, and that partially overlap at individual electrodes. These representations were coordinated temporally as sequences during syllable production. Spatial patterns of cortical activity showed an emergent, population-level representation, which was organized by phonetic features. Over tens of milliseconds, the spatial patterns transitioned between distinct representations for different consonants and vowels. These results reveal the dynamic organization of speech sensorimotor cortex during the generation of multi-articulator movements that underlies our ability to speak.

Date: 2013
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DOI: 10.1038/nature11911

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