Dusty starburst galaxies in the early Universe as revealed by gravitational lensing

Vieira, J. D.; Marrone, D. P.; Chapman, S. C.; De Breuck, C.; Hezaveh, Y. D.; Weiβ, A.; Aguirre, J. E.; Aird, K. A.; Aravena, M.; Ashby, M. L. N.; Bayliss, M.; Benson, B. A.; Biggs, A. D.; Bleem, L. E.; Bock, J. J.; Bothwell, M.; Bradford, C. M.; Brodwin, M.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Chang, C. L.; Crawford, T. M.; Crites, A. T.; de Haan, T.; Dobbs, M. A.; Fomalont, E. B.; Fassnacht, C. D.; George, E. M.; Gladders, M. D.; Gonzalez, A. H.; Greve, T. R.; Gullberg, B.; Halverson, N. W.; High, F. W.; Holder, G. P.; Holzapfel, W. L.; Hoover, S.; Hrubes, J. D.; Hunter, T. R.; Keisler, R.; Lee, A. T.; Leitch, E. M.; Lueker, M.; Van, D. Luong-; Malkan, M.; McIntyre, V.; McMahon, J. J.; Mehl, J.; Menten, K. M.; Meyer, S. S.; Mocanu, L. M.; Murphy, E. J.; Natoli, T.; Padin, S.; Plagge, T.; Reichardt, C. L.; Rest, A.; Ruel, J.; Ruhl, J. E.; Sharon, K.; Schaffer, K. K.; Shaw, L.; Shirokoff, E.; Spilker, J. S.; Stalder, B.; Staniszewski, Z.; Stark, A. A.; Story, K.; Vanderlinde, K.; Welikala, N.; Williamson, R.

Dusty starburst galaxies in the early Universe as revealed by gravitational lensing

J. D. Vieira (), D. P. Marrone, S. C. Chapman, C. De Breuck, Y. D. Hezaveh, A. Weiβ, J. E. Aguirre, K. A. Aird, M. Aravena, M. L. N. Ashby, M. Bayliss, B. A. Benson, A. D. Biggs, L. E. Bleem, J. J. Bock, M. Bothwell, C. M. Bradford, M. Brodwin, J. E. Carlstrom, C. L. Chang, T. M. Crawford, A. T. Crites, T. de Haan, M. A. Dobbs, E. B. Fomalont, C. D. Fassnacht, E. M. George, M. D. Gladders, A. H. Gonzalez, T. R. Greve, B. Gullberg, N. W. Halverson, F. W. High, G. P. Holder, W. L. Holzapfel, S. Hoover, J. D. Hrubes, T. R. Hunter, R. Keisler, A. T. Lee, E. M. Leitch, M. Lueker, D. Luong- Van, M. Malkan, V. McIntyre, J. J. McMahon, J. Mehl, K. M. Menten, S. S. Meyer, L. M. Mocanu, E. J. Murphy, T. Natoli, S. Padin, T. Plagge, C. L. Reichardt, A. Rest, J. Ruel, J. E. Ruhl, K. Sharon, K. K. Schaffer, L. Shaw, E. Shirokoff, J. S. Spilker, B. Stalder, Z. Staniszewski, A. A. Stark, K. Story, K. Vanderlinde, N. Welikala and R. Williamson
Additional contact information
J. D. Vieira: California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard
D. P. Marrone: Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
S. C. Chapman: Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3J5, Canada
C. De Breuck: European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild Strasse, D-85748 Garching bei München, Germany
Y. D. Hezaveh: McGill University, 3600 Rue University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada
A. Weiβ: Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
J. E. Aguirre: University of Pennsylvania, 209 South 33rd Street
K. A. Aird: University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue
M. Aravena: European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild Strasse, D-85748 Garching bei München, Germany
M. L. N. Ashby: Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street
M. Bayliss: Harvard University, 17 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
B. A. Benson: Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
A. D. Biggs: European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild Strasse, D-85748 Garching bei München, Germany
L. E. Bleem: Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
J. J. Bock: California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard
M. Bothwell: Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
C. M. Bradford: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 4800 Oak Grove Drive
M. Brodwin: University of Missouri, 5110 Rockhill Road, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, USA
J. E. Carlstrom: Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
C. L. Chang: Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
T. M. Crawford: Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
A. T. Crites: Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
T. de Haan: McGill University, 3600 Rue University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada
M. A. Dobbs: McGill University, 3600 Rue University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada
E. B. Fomalont: National Radio Astronomy Observatory, 520 Edgemont Road
C. D. Fassnacht: University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA
E. M. George: University of California
M. D. Gladders: Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
A. H. Gonzalez: University of Florida
T. R. Greve: University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
B. Gullberg: European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild Strasse, D-85748 Garching bei München, Germany
N. W. Halverson: University of Colorado
F. W. High: Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
G. P. Holder: McGill University, 3600 Rue University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada
W. L. Holzapfel: University of California
S. Hoover: Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
J. D. Hrubes: University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue
T. R. Hunter: National Radio Astronomy Observatory, 520 Edgemont Road
R. Keisler: Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
A. T. Lee: University of California
E. M. Leitch: Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
M. Lueker: California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard
D. Luong- Van: University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue
M. Malkan: University of California
V. McIntyre: Australia Telescope National Facility, CSIRO, Epping, New South Wales 1710, Australia
J. J. McMahon: Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
J. Mehl: Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
K. M. Menten: Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
S. S. Meyer: Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
L. M. Mocanu: Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
E. J. Murphy: Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, 813 Santa Barbara Street
T. Natoli: Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
S. Padin: California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard
T. Plagge: Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
C. L. Reichardt: University of California
A. Rest: Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive
J. Ruel: Harvard University, 17 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
J. E. Ruhl: Center for Education and Research in Cosmology and Astrophysics, Case Western Reserve University
K. Sharon: Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
K. K. Schaffer: Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
L. Shaw: McGill University, 3600 Rue University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada
E. Shirokoff: California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard
J. S. Spilker: Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
B. Stalder: Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street
Z. Staniszewski: California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard
A. A. Stark: Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street
K. Story: Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
K. Vanderlinde: McGill University, 3600 Rue University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada
N. Welikala: Institut d’Astrophysique Spatiale, Bâtiment 121, Université Paris-Sud XI et CNRS, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
R. Williamson: Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA

Nature, 2013, vol. 495, issue 7441, 344-347

Abstract: A spectroscopic redshift survey of extraordinarily bright millimetre-wave-selected sources of carbon monoxide line emission — originating from star-forming molecular gas — shows that at least ten of these sources lie at redshifts greater than four, indicating that the fraction of dusty starburst galaxies at high redshifts is greater than previously thought.

Date: 2013
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DOI: 10.1038/nature12001

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