The genesis and source of the H7N9 influenza viruses causing human infections in China

Tommy Tsan-Yuk Lam, Jia Wang, Yongyi Shen, Boping Zhou, Lian Duan, Chung-Lam Cheung, Chi Ma, Samantha J. Lycett, Connie Yin-Hung Leung, Xinchun Chen, Lifeng Li, Wenshan Hong, Yujuan Chai, Linlin Zhou, Huyi Liang, Zhihua Ou, Yongmei Liu, Amber Farooqui, David J. Kelvin, Leo L. M. Poon, David K. Smith, Oliver G. Pybus, Gabriel M. Leung, Yuelong Shu, Robert G. Webster, Richard J. Webby, Joseph S. M. Peiris, Andrew Rambaut, Huachen Zhu () and Yi Guan ()
Additional contact information
Tommy Tsan-Yuk Lam: Joint Influenza Research Centre (SUMC/HKU), Shantou University Medical College
Jia Wang: Joint Influenza Research Centre (SUMC/HKU), Shantou University Medical College
Yongyi Shen: Joint Influenza Research Centre (SUMC/HKU), Shantou University Medical College
Boping Zhou: State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases (HKU-Shenzhen Branch), Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital
Lian Duan: State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases (HKU-Shenzhen Branch), Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital
Chung-Lam Cheung: State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases/Centre of Influenza Research, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong
Chi Ma: Joint Influenza Research Centre (SUMC/HKU), Shantou University Medical College
Samantha J. Lycett: Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK
Connie Yin-Hung Leung: State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases/Centre of Influenza Research, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong
Xinchun Chen: State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases (HKU-Shenzhen Branch), Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital
Lifeng Li: Joint Influenza Research Centre (SUMC/HKU), Shantou University Medical College
Wenshan Hong: Joint Influenza Research Centre (SUMC/HKU), Shantou University Medical College
Yujuan Chai: State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases (HKU-Shenzhen Branch), Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital
Linlin Zhou: State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases/Centre of Influenza Research, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong
Huyi Liang: Joint Influenza Research Centre (SUMC/HKU), Shantou University Medical College
Zhihua Ou: Joint Influenza Research Centre (SUMC/HKU), Shantou University Medical College
Yongmei Liu: Joint Influenza Research Centre (SUMC/HKU), Shantou University Medical College
Amber Farooqui: Joint Vaccine Research Centre (SUMC/UHN), Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
David J. Kelvin: Joint Vaccine Research Centre (SUMC/UHN), Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
Leo L. M. Poon: State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases (HKU-Shenzhen Branch), Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital
David K. Smith: Joint Influenza Research Centre (SUMC/HKU), Shantou University Medical College
Oliver G. Pybus: University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK
Gabriel M. Leung: Joint Influenza Research Centre (SUMC/HKU), Shantou University Medical College
Yuelong Shu: National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission
Robert G. Webster: St Jude Children’s Research Hospital
Richard J. Webby: St Jude Children’s Research Hospital
Joseph S. M. Peiris: State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases (HKU-Shenzhen Branch), Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital
Andrew Rambaut: Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK
Huachen Zhu: Joint Influenza Research Centre (SUMC/HKU), Shantou University Medical College
Yi Guan: Joint Influenza Research Centre (SUMC/HKU), Shantou University Medical College

Nature, 2013, vol. 502, issue 7470, 241-244

Abstract: Evolutionary analyses show that H7 influenza viruses probably transferred from ducks to chickens in China on at least two independent occasions, and that reassortment with H9N2 viruses generated the H7N9 outbreak lineage that recently emerged in humans in China, and a related previously unrecognized H7N7 lineage; these H7N7 viruses are shown to have the ability to infect ferrets, and the current pandemic threat could extend beyond H7N9 viruses.

Date: 2013
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DOI: 10.1038/nature12515

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