Late-twentieth-century emergence of the El Niño propagation asymmetry and future projections

Agus Santoso (), Shayne McGregor, Fei-Fei Jin, Wenju Cai, Matthew H. England, Soon-Il An, Michael J. McPhaden and Eric Guilyardi
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Agus Santoso: Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science and Climate Change Research Centre, Level 4 Mathews Building, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
Shayne McGregor: Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science and Climate Change Research Centre, Level 4 Mathews Building, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
Fei-Fei Jin: School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST), University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2525 Correa Road, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
Wenju Cai: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Marine and Atmospheric Research, 107-121 Station Street, Aspendale, Victoria 3195, Australia
Matthew H. England: Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science and Climate Change Research Centre, Level 4 Mathews Building, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
Soon-Il An: Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea
Michael J. McPhaden: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)/Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory
Eric Guilyardi: Laboratoire d’Océanographie et du Climat: Expérimentation et Approches Numériques/Institut Pierre Simon Laplace (IPSL)/Centre national de la recherché scientifique (CNRS), tour 45-55, étage 4, pièce 406, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France

Nature, 2013, vol. 504, issue 7478, 126-130

Abstract: The El Niño propagation asymmetry (in which sea surface temperature anomalies propagate eastwards during an extreme El Niño event) is shown to be caused by the variations in upper ocean currents in the equatorial Pacific Ocean; increased occurrences of the propagation asymmetry may be a manifestation of global greenhouse warming.

Date: 2013
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DOI: 10.1038/nature12683

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