Ultrafast endocytosis at mouse hippocampal synapses

Shigeki Watanabe, Benjamin R. Rost, Marcial Camacho-Pérez, M. Wayne Davis, Berit Söhl-Kielczynski, Christian Rosenmund () and Erik M. Jorgensen ()
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Shigeki Watanabe: University of Utah
Benjamin R. Rost: Neuroscience Research Centre, Charité Universitätsmedizin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
Marcial Camacho-Pérez: Neuroscience Research Centre, Charité Universitätsmedizin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
M. Wayne Davis: University of Utah
Berit Söhl-Kielczynski: Neuroscience Research Centre, Charité Universitätsmedizin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
Christian Rosenmund: Neuroscience Research Centre, Charité Universitätsmedizin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
Erik M. Jorgensen: University of Utah

Nature, 2013, vol. 504, issue 7479, 242-247

Abstract: Abstract To sustain neurotransmission, synaptic vesicles and their associated proteins must be recycled locally at synapses. Synaptic vesicles are thought to be regenerated approximately 20 s after fusion by the assembly of clathrin scaffolds or in approximately 1 s by the reversal of fusion pores via ‘kiss-and-run’ endocytosis. Here we use optogenetics to stimulate cultured hippocampal neurons with a single stimulus, rapidly freeze them after fixed intervals and examine the ultrastructure using electron microscopy—‘flash-and-freeze’ electron microscopy. Docked vesicles fuse and collapse into the membrane within 30 ms of the stimulus. Compensatory endocytosis occurs within 50 to 100 ms at sites flanking the active zone. Invagination is blocked by inhibition of actin polymerization, and scission is blocked by inhibiting dynamin. Because intact synaptic vesicles are not recovered, this form of recycling is not compatible with kiss-and-run endocytosis; moreover, it is 200-fold faster than clathrin-mediated endocytosis. It is likely that ‘ultrafast endocytosis’ is specialized to restore the surface area of the membrane rapidly.

Date: 2013
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DOI: 10.1038/nature12809

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