Space–time wiring specificity supports direction selectivity in the retina

Jinseop S. Kim, Matthew J. Greene, Aleksandar Zlateski, Kisuk Lee, Mark Richardson, Srinivas C. Turaga, Michael Purcaro, Matthew Balkam, Amy Robinson, Bardia F. Behabadi, Michael Campos, Winfried Denk and H. Sebastian Seung ()
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Jinseop S. Kim: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Matthew J. Greene: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Aleksandar Zlateski: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Kisuk Lee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Mark Richardson: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Srinivas C. Turaga: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Michael Purcaro: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Matthew Balkam: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Amy Robinson: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Bardia F. Behabadi: Qualcomm Research, 5775 Morehouse Drive
Michael Campos: Qualcomm Research, 5775 Morehouse Drive
Winfried Denk: Max-Planck Institute for Medical Research, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
H. Sebastian Seung: Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Nature, 2014, vol. 509, issue 7500, 331-336

Abstract: Abstract How does the mammalian retina detect motion? This classic problem in visual neuroscience has remained unsolved for 50 years. In search of clues, here we reconstruct Off-type starburst amacrine cells (SACs) and bipolar cells (BCs) in serial electron microscopic images with help from EyeWire, an online community of ‘citizen neuroscientists’. On the basis of quantitative analyses of contact area and branch depth in the retina, we find evidence that one BC type prefers to wire with a SAC dendrite near the SAC soma, whereas another BC type prefers to wire far from the soma. The near type is known to lag the far type in time of visual response. A mathematical model shows how such ‘space–time wiring specificity’ could endow SAC dendrites with receptive fields that are oriented in space–time and therefore respond selectively to stimuli that move in the outward direction from the soma.

Date: 2014
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DOI: 10.1038/nature13240

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