Segmented lateral dyke growth in a rifting event at Bárðarbunga volcanic system, Iceland

Freysteinn Sigmundsson (), Andrew Hooper, Sigrún Hreinsdóttir, Kristín S. Vogfjörd, Benedikt G. Ófeigsson, Elías Rafn Heimisson, Stéphanie Dumont, Michelle Parks, Karsten Spaans, Gunnar B. Gudmundsson, Vincent Drouin, Thóra Árnadóttir, Kristín Jónsdóttir, Magnús T. Gudmundsson, Thórdís Högnadóttir, Hildur María Fridriksdóttir, Martin Hensch, Páll Einarsson, Eyjólfur Magnússon, Sergey Samsonov, Bryndís Brandsdóttir, Robert S. White, Thorbjörg Ágústsdóttir, Tim Greenfield, Robert G. Green, Ásta Rut Hjartardóttir, Rikke Pedersen, Richard A. Bennett, Halldór Geirsson, Peter C. La Femina, Helgi Björnsson, Finnur Pálsson, Erik Sturkell, Christopher J. Bean, Martin Möllhoff, Aoife K. Braiden and Eva P. S. Eibl
Additional contact information
Freysteinn Sigmundsson: Nordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland
Andrew Hooper: Centre for the Observation and Modelling of Earthquakes and Tectonics (COMET), School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
Sigrún Hreinsdóttir: GNS Science, PO Box 30368, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand
Kristín S. Vogfjörd: Icelandic Meteorological Office, IS-150 Reykjavík, Iceland
Benedikt G. Ófeigsson: Icelandic Meteorological Office, IS-150 Reykjavík, Iceland
Elías Rafn Heimisson: Nordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland
Stéphanie Dumont: Nordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland
Michelle Parks: Nordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland
Karsten Spaans: Centre for the Observation and Modelling of Earthquakes and Tectonics (COMET), School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
Gunnar B. Gudmundsson: Icelandic Meteorological Office, IS-150 Reykjavík, Iceland
Vincent Drouin: Nordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland
Thóra Árnadóttir: Nordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland
Kristín Jónsdóttir: Icelandic Meteorological Office, IS-150 Reykjavík, Iceland
Magnús T. Gudmundsson: Nordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland
Thórdís Högnadóttir: Nordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland
Hildur María Fridriksdóttir: Nordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland
Martin Hensch: Icelandic Meteorological Office, IS-150 Reykjavík, Iceland
Páll Einarsson: Nordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland
Eyjólfur Magnússon: Nordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland
Sergey Samsonov: Canada Centre for Mapping and Earth Observation, Natural Resources Canada, 560 Rochester Street, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0E4, Canada
Bryndís Brandsdóttir: Nordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland
Robert S. White: University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0EZ, UK
Thorbjörg Ágústsdóttir: University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0EZ, UK
Tim Greenfield: University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0EZ, UK
Robert G. Green: University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0EZ, UK
Ásta Rut Hjartardóttir: Nordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland
Rikke Pedersen: Nordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland
Richard A. Bennett: University of Arizona
Halldór Geirsson: The Pennsylvania State University, University Park
Peter C. La Femina: The Pennsylvania State University, University Park
Helgi Björnsson: Nordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland
Finnur Pálsson: Nordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland
Erik Sturkell: University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
Christopher J. Bean: Seismology Laboratory, School of Geological Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
Martin Möllhoff: Seismology Laboratory, School of Geological Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
Aoife K. Braiden: Seismology Laboratory, School of Geological Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
Eva P. S. Eibl: Seismology Laboratory, School of Geological Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland

Nature, 2015, vol. 517, issue 7533, 191-195

Abstract: Seismicity and ground deformation measurements show how a recent segmented dyke intrusion in the Bárðarbunga volcanic system in Iceland grew laterally for 45 kilometres over 14 days; dyke opening and seismicity were focused at the most distal segment, where lateral dyke growth with segment barrier breaking by pressure build-up occurred.

Date: 2015
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DOI: 10.1038/nature14111

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