Chromothripsis from DNA damage in micronuclei

Cheng-Zhong Zhang, Alexander Spektor, Hauke Cornils, Joshua M. Francis, Emily K. Jackson, Shiwei Liu, Matthew Meyerson and David Pellman ()
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Cheng-Zhong Zhang: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
Alexander Spektor: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
Hauke Cornils: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
Joshua M. Francis: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
Emily K. Jackson: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
Shiwei Liu: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
Matthew Meyerson: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
David Pellman: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute

Nature, 2015, vol. 522, issue 7555, 179-184

Abstract: Abstract Genome sequencing has uncovered a new mutational phenomenon in cancer and congenital disorders called chromothripsis. Chromothripsis is characterized by extensive genomic rearrangements and an oscillating pattern of DNA copy number levels, all curiously restricted to one or a few chromosomes. The mechanism for chromothripsis is unknown, but we previously proposed that it could occur through the physical isolation of chromosomes in aberrant nuclear structures called micronuclei. Here, using a combination of live cell imaging and single-cell genome sequencing, we demonstrate that micronucleus formation can indeed generate a spectrum of genomic rearrangements, some of which recapitulate all known features of chromothripsis. These events are restricted to the mis-segregated chromosome and occur within one cell division. We demonstrate that the mechanism for chromothripsis can involve the fragmentation and subsequent reassembly of a single chromatid from a micronucleus. Collectively, these experiments establish a new mutational process of which chromothripsis is one extreme outcome.

Date: 2015
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DOI: 10.1038/nature14493

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