The evolutionary history of vertebrate RNA viruses

Mang Shi, Xian-Dan Lin, Xiao Chen, Jun-Hua Tian, Liang-Jun Chen, Kun Li, Wen Wang, John-Sebastian Eden, Jin-Jin Shen, Li Liu, Edward C. Holmes and Yong-Zhen Zhang ()
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Mang Shi: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Xian-Dan Lin: Wenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Xiao Chen: South China Agricultural University
Jun-Hua Tian: Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Liang-Jun Chen: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Kun Li: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Wen Wang: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention
John-Sebastian Eden: The University of Sydney
Jin-Jin Shen: Yancheng Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Li Liu: South China Agricultural University
Edward C. Holmes: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Yong-Zhen Zhang: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention

Nature, 2018, vol. 556, issue 7700, 197-202

Abstract: Abstract Our understanding of the diversity and evolution of vertebrate RNA viruses is largely limited to those found in mammalian and avian hosts and associated with overt disease. Here, using a large-scale meta-transcriptomic approach, we discover 214 vertebrate-associated viruses in reptiles, amphibians, lungfish, ray-finned fish, cartilaginous fish and jawless fish. The newly discovered viruses appear in every family or genus of RNA virus associated with vertebrate infection, including those containing human pathogens such as influenza virus, the Arenaviridae and Filoviridae families, and have branching orders that broadly reflected the phylogenetic history of their hosts. We establish a long evolutionary history for most groups of vertebrate RNA virus, and support this by evaluating evolutionary timescales using dated orthologous endogenous virus elements. We also identify new vertebrate-specific RNA viruses and genome architectures, and re-evaluate the evolution of vector-borne RNA viruses. In summary, this study reveals diverse virus–host associations across the entire evolutionary history of the vertebrates.

Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0012-7

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