Genome sequence of the progenitor of wheat A subgenome Triticum urartu

Hong-Qing Ling (), Bin Ma, Xiaoli Shi, Hui Liu, Lingli Dong, Hua Sun, Yinghao Cao, Qiang Gao, Shusong Zheng, Ye Li, Ying Yu, Huilong Du, Ming Qi, Yan Li, Hongwei Lu, Hua Yu, Yan Cui, Ning Wang, Chunlin Chen, Huilan Wu, Yan Zhao, Juncheng Zhang, Yiwen Li, Wenjuan Zhou, Bairu Zhang, Weijuan Hu, Michiel J. T. Eijk, Jifeng Tang, Hanneke M. A. Witsenboer, Shancen Zhao, Zhensheng Li, Aimin Zhang (), Daowen Wang () and Chengzhi Liang ()
Additional contact information
Hong-Qing Ling: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Bin Ma: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Xiaoli Shi: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Hui Liu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Lingli Dong: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Hua Sun: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yinghao Cao: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Qiang Gao: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Shusong Zheng: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Ye Li: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Ying Yu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Huilong Du: University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
Ming Qi: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yan Li: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Hongwei Lu: University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
Hua Yu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yan Cui: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Ning Wang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Chunlin Chen: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Huilan Wu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yan Zhao: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Juncheng Zhang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yiwen Li: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Wenjuan Zhou: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Bairu Zhang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Weijuan Hu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Michiel J. T. Eijk: Keygene N.V.
Jifeng Tang: Keygene N.V.
Hanneke M. A. Witsenboer: Keygene N.V.
Shancen Zhao: BGI-Shenzhen
Zhensheng Li: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Aimin Zhang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Daowen Wang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Chengzhi Liang: University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Nature, 2018, vol. 557, issue 7705, 424-428

Abstract: Abstract Triticum urartu (diploid, AA) is the progenitor of the A subgenome of tetraploid (Triticum turgidum, AABB) and hexaploid (Triticum aestivum, AABBDD) wheat1,2. Genomic studies of T. urartu have been useful for investigating the structure, function and evolution of polyploid wheat genomes. Here we report the generation of a high-quality genome sequence of T. urartu by combining bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC)-by-BAC sequencing, single molecule real-time whole-genome shotgun sequencing3, linked reads and optical mapping4,5. We assembled seven chromosome-scale pseudomolecules and identified protein-coding genes, and we suggest a model for the evolution of T. urartu chromosomes. Comparative analyses with genomes of other grasses showed gene loss and amplification in the numbers of transposable elements in the T. urartu genome. Population genomics analysis of 147 T. urartu accessions from across the Fertile Crescent showed clustering of three groups, with differences in altitude and biostress, such as powdery mildew disease. The T. urartu genome assembly provides a valuable resource for studying genetic variation in wheat and related grasses, and promises to facilitate the discovery of genes that could be useful for wheat improvement.

Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0108-0

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