Change in future climate due to Antarctic meltwater

Ben Bronselaer (), Michael Winton, Stephen M. Griffies, William J. Hurlin, Keith B. Rodgers, Olga V. Sergienko, Ronald J. Stouffer and Joellen L. Russell
Additional contact information
Ben Bronselaer: University of Arizona
Michael Winton: Princeton University Forrestal Campus
Stephen M. Griffies: Princeton University Forrestal Campus
William J. Hurlin: Princeton University Forrestal Campus
Keith B. Rodgers: Princeton University
Olga V. Sergienko: Princeton University Forrestal Campus
Ronald J. Stouffer: University of Arizona
Joellen L. Russell: University of Arizona

Nature, 2018, vol. 564, issue 7734, 53-58

Abstract: Abstract Meltwater from the Antarctic Ice Sheet is projected to cause up to one metre of sea-level rise by 2100 under the highest greenhouse gas concentration trajectory (RCP8.5) considered by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). However, the effects of meltwater from the ice sheets and ice shelves of Antarctica are not included in the widely used CMIP5 climate models, which introduces bias into IPCC climate projections. Here we assess a large ensemble simulation of the CMIP5 model ‘GFDL ESM2M’ that accounts for RCP8.5-projected Antarctic Ice Sheet meltwater. We find that, relative to the standard RCP8.5 scenario, accounting for meltwater delays the exceedance of the maximum global-mean atmospheric warming targets of 1.5 and 2 degrees Celsius by more than a decade, enhances drying of the Southern Hemisphere and reduces drying of the Northern Hemisphere, increases the formation of Antarctic sea ice (consistent with recent observations of increasing Antarctic sea-ice area) and warms the subsurface ocean around the Antarctic coast. Moreover, the meltwater-induced subsurface ocean warming could lead to further ice-sheet and ice-shelf melting through a positive feedback mechanism, highlighting the importance of including meltwater effects in simulations of future climate.

Keywords: Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5); CMIP5 Model; Antarctic Coast; Large Ensemble Simulations; Intergovernmental Panel On Climate Change (IPCC) (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (14)

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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0712-z

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