SETD3 is an actin histidine methyltransferase that prevents primary dystocia

Alex W. Wilkinson, Jonathan Diep, Shaobo Dai, Shuo Liu, Yaw Shin Ooi, Dan Song, Tie-Mei Li, John R. Horton, Xing Zhang, Chao Liu, Darshan V. Trivedi, Katherine M. Ruppel, José G. Vilches-Moure, Kerriann M. Casey, Justin Mak, Tina Cowan, Joshua E. Elias, Claude M. Nagamine, James A. Spudich, Xiaodong Cheng (), Jan E. Carette () and Or Gozani ()
Additional contact information
Alex W. Wilkinson: Stanford University
Jonathan Diep: Stanford University School of Medicine
Shaobo Dai: The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
Shuo Liu: Stanford University
Yaw Shin Ooi: Stanford University School of Medicine
Dan Song: Stanford University School of Medicine
Tie-Mei Li: Stanford University
John R. Horton: The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
Xing Zhang: The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
Chao Liu: Stanford University School of Medicine
Darshan V. Trivedi: Stanford University School of Medicine
Katherine M. Ruppel: Stanford University School of Medicine
José G. Vilches-Moure: Stanford University School of Medicine
Kerriann M. Casey: Stanford University School of Medicine
Justin Mak: Stanford Healthcare
Tina Cowan: Stanford University School of Medicine
Joshua E. Elias: Stanford University School of Medicine
Claude M. Nagamine: Stanford University School of Medicine
James A. Spudich: Stanford University School of Medicine
Xiaodong Cheng: The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
Jan E. Carette: Stanford University School of Medicine
Or Gozani: Stanford University

Nature, 2019, vol. 565, issue 7739, 372-376

Abstract: Abstract For more than 50 years, the methylation of mammalian actin at histidine 73 has been known to occur1. Despite the pervasiveness of His73 methylation, which we find is conserved in several model animals and plants, its function remains unclear and the enzyme that generates this modification is unknown. Here we identify SET domain protein 3 (SETD3) as the physiological actin His73 methyltransferase. Structural studies reveal that an extensive network of interactions clamps the actin peptide onto the surface of SETD3 to orient His73 correctly within the catalytic pocket and to facilitate methyl transfer. His73 methylation reduces the nucleotide-exchange rate on actin monomers and modestly accelerates the assembly of actin filaments. Mice that lack SETD3 show complete loss of actin His73 methylation in several tissues, and quantitative proteomics analysis shows that actin His73 methylation is the only detectable physiological substrate of SETD3. SETD3-deficient female mice have severely decreased litter sizes owing to primary maternal dystocia that is refractory to ecbolic induction agents. Furthermore, depletion of SETD3 impairs signal-induced contraction in primary human uterine smooth muscle cells. Together, our results identify a mammalian histidine methyltransferase and uncover a pivotal role for SETD3 and actin His73 methylation in the regulation of smooth muscle contractility. Our data also support the broader hypothesis that protein histidine methylation acts as a common regulatory mechanism.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0821-8

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