A calmodulin-gated calcium channel links pathogen patterns to plant immunity

Wang Tian, Congcong Hou, Zhijie Ren, Chao Wang, Fugeng Zhao, Douglas Dahlbeck, Songping Hu, Liying Zhang, Qi Niu, Legong Li, Brian J. Staskawicz and Sheng Luan ()
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Wang Tian: University of California
Congcong Hou: University of California
Zhijie Ren: Capital Normal University
Chao Wang: University of California
Fugeng Zhao: Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University
Douglas Dahlbeck: University of California
Songping Hu: University of California
Liying Zhang: Capital Normal University
Qi Niu: Capital Normal University
Legong Li: Capital Normal University
Brian J. Staskawicz: University of California
Sheng Luan: University of California

Nature, 2019, vol. 572, issue 7767, 131-135

Abstract: Abstract Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) activate innate immunity in both animals and plants. Although calcium has long been recognized as an essential signal for PAMP-triggered immunity in plants, the mechanism of PAMP-induced calcium signalling remains unknown1,2. Here we report that calcium nutrient status is critical for calcium-dependent PAMP-triggered immunity in plants. When calcium supply is sufficient, two genes that encode cyclic nucleotide-gated channel (CNGC) proteins, CNGC2 and CNGC4, are essential for PAMP-induced calcium signalling in Arabidopsis3–7. In a reconstitution system, we find that the CNGC2 and CNGC4 proteins together—but neither alone—assemble into a functional calcium channel that is blocked by calmodulin in the resting state. Upon pathogen attack, the channel is phosphorylated and activated by the effector kinase BOTRYTIS-INDUCED KINASE1 (BIK1) of the pattern-recognition receptor complex, and this triggers an increase in the concentration of cytosolic calcium8–10. The CNGC-mediated calcium entry thus provides a critical link between the pattern-recognition receptor complex and calcium-dependent immunity programs in the PAMP-triggered immunity signalling pathway in plants.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1413-y

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