The water lily genome and the early evolution of flowering plants

Liangsheng Zhang (), Fei Chen, Xingtan Zhang, Zhen Li, Yiyong Zhao, Rolf Lohaus, Xiaojun Chang, Wei Dong, Simon Y. W. Ho, Xing Liu, Aixia Song, Junhao Chen, Wenlei Guo, Zhengjia Wang, Yingyu Zhuang, Haifeng Wang, Xuequn Chen, Juan Hu, Yanhui Liu, Yuan Qin, Kai Wang, Shanshan Dong, Yang Liu, Shouzhou Zhang, Xianxian Yu, Qian Wu, Liangsheng Wang, Xueqing Yan, Yuannian Jiao, Hongzhi Kong, Xiaofan Zhou, Cuiwei Yu, Yuchu Chen, Fan Li, Jihua Wang, Wei Chen, Xinlu Chen, Qidong Jia, Chi Zhang, Yifan Jiang, Wanbo Zhang, Guanhua Liu, Jianyu Fu, Feng Chen, Hong Ma, Yves Peer and Haibao Tang
Additional contact information
Liangsheng Zhang: Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
Fei Chen: Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
Xingtan Zhang: Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
Zhen Li: Ghent University
Yiyong Zhao: Fudan University
Rolf Lohaus: Ghent University
Xiaojun Chang: Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
Wei Dong: Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
Simon Y. W. Ho: University of Sydney
Xing Liu: Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
Aixia Song: Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
Junhao Chen: Zhejiang A&F University
Wenlei Guo: Zhejiang A&F University
Zhengjia Wang: Zhejiang A&F University
Yingyu Zhuang: Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
Haifeng Wang: Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
Xuequn Chen: Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
Juan Hu: Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
Yanhui Liu: Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
Yuan Qin: Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
Kai Wang: Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
Shanshan Dong: Shenzhen and Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yang Liu: Shenzhen and Chinese Academy of Sciences
Shouzhou Zhang: Shenzhen and Chinese Academy of Sciences
Xianxian Yu: Xuchang University
Qian Wu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Liangsheng Wang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Xueqing Yan: University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yuannian Jiao: University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
Hongzhi Kong: University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
Xiaofan Zhou: South China Agricultural University
Cuiwei Yu: Zhejiang Humanities Landscape Co. Ltd.
Yuchu Chen: Zhejiang Humanities Landscape Co. Ltd.
Fan Li: Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Jihua Wang: Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Wei Chen: Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Xinlu Chen: University of Tennessee
Qidong Jia: University of Tennessee
Chi Zhang: University of Tennessee
Yifan Jiang: Nanjing Agricultural University
Wanbo Zhang: Nanjing Agricultural University
Guanhua Liu: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Jianyu Fu: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Feng Chen: Nanjing Agricultural University
Hong Ma: Pennsylvania State University
Yves Peer: Ghent University
Haibao Tang: Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University

Nature, 2020, vol. 577, issue 7788, 79-84

Abstract: Abstract Water lilies belong to the angiosperm order Nymphaeales. Amborellales, Nymphaeales and Austrobaileyales together form the so-called ANA-grade of angiosperms, which are extant representatives of lineages that diverged the earliest from the lineage leading to the extant mesangiosperms1–3. Here we report the 409-megabase genome sequence of the blue-petal water lily (Nymphaea colorata). Our phylogenomic analyses support Amborellales and Nymphaeales as successive sister lineages to all other extant angiosperms. The N. colorata genome and 19 other water lily transcriptomes reveal a Nymphaealean whole-genome duplication event, which is shared by Nymphaeaceae and possibly Cabombaceae. Among the genes retained from this whole-genome duplication are homologues of genes that regulate flowering transition and flower development. The broad expression of homologues of floral ABCE genes in N. colorata might support a similarly broadly active ancestral ABCE model of floral organ determination in early angiosperms. Water lilies have evolved attractive floral scents and colours, which are features shared with mesangiosperms, and we identified their putative biosynthetic genes in N. colorata. The chemical compounds and biosynthetic genes behind floral scents suggest that they have evolved in parallel to those in mesangiosperms. Because of its unique phylogenetic position, the N. colorata genome sheds light on the early evolution of angiosperms.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1852-5

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