Conversion of non-van der Waals solids to 2D transition-metal chalcogenides

Zhiguo Du, Shubin Yang (), Songmei Li, Jun Lou, Shuqing Zhang, Shuai Wang, Bin Li, Yongji Gong, Li Song, Xiaolong Zou and Pulickel M. Ajayan ()
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Zhiguo Du: Beihang University
Shubin Yang: Beihang University
Songmei Li: Beihang University
Jun Lou: Rice University
Shuqing Zhang: Tsinghua University
Shuai Wang: Beihang University
Bin Li: Beihang University
Yongji Gong: Beihang University
Li Song: University of Science and Technology of China
Xiaolong Zou: Tsinghua University
Pulickel M. Ajayan: Rice University

Nature, 2020, vol. 577, issue 7791, 492-496

Abstract: Abstract Although two-dimensional (2D) atomic layers, such as transition-metal chalcogenides, have been widely synthesized using techniques such as exfoliation1–3 and vapour-phase growth4,5, it is still challenging to obtain phase-controlled 2D structures6–8. Here we demonstrate an effective synthesis strategy via the progressive transformation of non-van der Waals (non-vdW) solids to 2D vdW transition-metal chalcogenide layers with identified 2H (trigonal prismatic)/1T (octahedral) phases. The transformation, achieved by exposing non-vdW solids to chalcogen vapours, can be controlled using the enthalpies and vapour pressures of the reaction products. Heteroatom-substituted (such as yttrium and phosphorus) transition-metal chalcogenides can also be synthesized in this way, thus enabling a generic synthesis approach to engineering phase-selected 2D transition-metal chalcogenide structures with good stability at high temperatures (up to 1,373 kelvin) and achieving high-throughput production of monolayers. We anticipate that these 2D transition-metal chalcogenides will have broad applications for electronics, catalysis and energy storage.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1904-x

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