Attosecond pulse shaping using a seeded free-electron laser

Praveen Kumar Maroju, Cesare Grazioli, Michele Fraia, Matteo Moioli, Dominik Ertel, Hamed Ahmadi, Oksana Plekan, Paola Finetti, Enrico Allaria, Luca Giannessi, Giovanni Ninno, Carlo Spezzani, Giuseppe Penco, Simone Spampinati, Alexander Demidovich, Miltcho B. Danailov, Roberto Borghes, George Kourousias, Carlos Eduardo Sanches Dos Reis, Fulvio Billé, Alberto A. Lutman, Richard J. Squibb, Raimund Feifel, Paolo Carpeggiani, Maurizio Reduzzi, Tommaso Mazza, Michael Meyer, Samuel Bengtsson, Neven Ibrakovic, Emma Rose Simpson, Johan Mauritsson, Tamás Csizmadia, Mathieu Dumergue, Sergei Kühn, Harshitha Nandiga Gopalakrishna, Daehyun You, Kiyoshi Ueda, Marie Labeye, Jens Egebjerg Bækhøj, Kenneth J. Schafer, Elena V. Gryzlova, Alexei N. Grum-Grzhimailo, Kevin C. Prince, Carlo Callegari and Giuseppe Sansone ()
Additional contact information
Praveen Kumar Maroju: Albert-Ludwigs-Universität
Cesare Grazioli: ISM-CNR, Trieste LD2 Unit
Michele Fraia: Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, Basovizza
Matteo Moioli: Albert-Ludwigs-Universität
Dominik Ertel: Albert-Ludwigs-Universität
Hamed Ahmadi: Albert-Ludwigs-Universität
Oksana Plekan: Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, Basovizza
Paola Finetti: Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, Basovizza
Enrico Allaria: Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, Basovizza
Luca Giannessi: Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, Basovizza
Giovanni Ninno: Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, Basovizza
Carlo Spezzani: Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, Basovizza
Giuseppe Penco: Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, Basovizza
Simone Spampinati: Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, Basovizza
Alexander Demidovich: Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, Basovizza
Miltcho B. Danailov: Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, Basovizza
Roberto Borghes: Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, Basovizza
George Kourousias: Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, Basovizza
Carlos Eduardo Sanches Dos Reis: Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, Basovizza
Fulvio Billé: Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, Basovizza
Alberto A. Lutman: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
Richard J. Squibb: University of Gothenburg
Raimund Feifel: University of Gothenburg
Paolo Carpeggiani: Technische Universität Wien
Maurizio Reduzzi: Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano
Tommaso Mazza: European XFEL GmbH
Michael Meyer: European XFEL GmbH
Samuel Bengtsson: Lund University
Neven Ibrakovic: Lund University
Emma Rose Simpson: Lund University
Johan Mauritsson: Lund University
Tamás Csizmadia: ELI-ALPS, ELI-Hu Kft
Mathieu Dumergue: ELI-ALPS, ELI-Hu Kft
Sergei Kühn: ELI-ALPS, ELI-Hu Kft
Harshitha Nandiga Gopalakrishna: ELI-ALPS, ELI-Hu Kft
Daehyun You: Tohoku University
Kiyoshi Ueda: Tohoku University
Marie Labeye: Louisiana State University
Jens Egebjerg Bækhøj: Louisiana State University
Kenneth J. Schafer: Louisiana State University
Elena V. Gryzlova: Lomonosov Moscow State University
Alexei N. Grum-Grzhimailo: Lomonosov Moscow State University
Kevin C. Prince: Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, Basovizza
Carlo Callegari: Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, Basovizza
Giuseppe Sansone: Albert-Ludwigs-Universität

Nature, 2020, vol. 578, issue 7795, 386-391

Abstract: Abstract Attosecond pulses are central to the investigation of valence- and core-electron dynamics on their natural timescales1–3. The reproducible generation and characterization of attosecond waveforms has been demonstrated so far only through the process of high-order harmonic generation4–7. Several methods for shaping attosecond waveforms have been proposed, including the use of metallic filters8,9, multilayer mirrors10 and manipulation of the driving field11. However, none of these approaches allows the flexible manipulation of the temporal characteristics of the attosecond waveforms, and they suffer from the low conversion efficiency of the high-order harmonic generation process. Free-electron lasers, by contrast, deliver femtosecond, extreme-ultraviolet and X-ray pulses with energies ranging from tens of microjoules to a few millijoules12,13. Recent experiments have shown that they can generate subfemtosecond spikes, but with temporal characteristics that change shot-to-shot14–16. Here we report reproducible generation of high-energy (microjoule level) attosecond waveforms using a seeded free-electron laser17. We demonstrate amplitude and phase manipulation of the harmonic components of an attosecond pulse train in combination with an approach for its temporal reconstruction. The results presented here open the way to performing attosecond time-resolved experiments with free-electron lasers.

Date: 2020
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2005-6

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