A growth-factor-activated lysosomal K+ channel regulates Parkinson’s pathology

Jinhong Wie, Zhenjiang Liu, Haikun Song, Thomas F. Tropea, Lu Yang, Huanhuan Wang, Yuling Liang, Chunlei Cang, Kimberly Aranda, Joey Lohmann, Jing Yang, Boxun Lu, Alice S. Chen-Plotkin (), Kelvin C. Luk () and Dejian Ren ()
Additional contact information
Jinhong Wie: University of Pennsylvania
Zhenjiang Liu: University of Pennsylvania
Haikun Song: Fudan University
Thomas F. Tropea: University of Pennsylvania
Lu Yang: Peking University
Huanhuan Wang: Peking University
Yuling Liang: University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
Chunlei Cang: University of Pennsylvania
Kimberly Aranda: University of Pennsylvania
Joey Lohmann: University of Pennsylvania
Jing Yang: Peking University
Boxun Lu: Fudan University
Alice S. Chen-Plotkin: University of Pennsylvania
Kelvin C. Luk: University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
Dejian Ren: University of Pennsylvania

Nature, 2021, vol. 591, issue 7850, 431-437

Abstract: Abstract Lysosomes have fundamental physiological roles and have previously been implicated in Parkinson’s disease1–5. However, how extracellular growth factors communicate with intracellular organelles to control lysosomal function is not well understood. Here we report a lysosomal K+ channel complex that is activated by growth factors and gated by protein kinase B (AKT) that we term lysoKGF. LysoKGF consists of a pore-forming protein TMEM175 and AKT: TMEM175 is opened by conformational changes in, but not the catalytic activity of, AKT. The minor allele at rs34311866, a common variant in TMEM175, is associated with an increased risk of developing Parkinson’s disease and reduces channel currents. Reduction in lysoKGF function predisposes neurons to stress-induced damage and accelerates the accumulation of pathological α-synuclein. By contrast, the minor allele at rs3488217—another common variant of TMEM175, which is associated with a decreased risk of developing Parkinson’s disease—produces a gain-of-function in lysoKGF during cell starvation, and enables neuronal resistance to damage. Deficiency in TMEM175 leads to a loss of dopaminergic neurons and impairment in motor function in mice, and a TMEM175 loss-of-function variant is nominally associated with accelerated rates of cognitive and motor decline in humans with Parkinson’s disease. Together, our studies uncover a pathway by which extracellular growth factors regulate intracellular organelle function, and establish a targetable mechanism by which common variants of TMEM175 confer risk for Parkinson’s disease.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03185-z

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