Immunogenicity of Ad26.COV2.S vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 variants in humans

Galit Alter, Jingyou Yu, Jinyan Liu, Abishek Chandrashekar, Erica N. Borducchi, Lisa H. Tostanoski, Katherine McMahan, Catherine Jacob-Dolan, David R. Martinez, Aiquan Chang, Tochi Anioke, Michelle Lifton, Joseph Nkolola, Kathryn E. Stephenson, Caroline Atyeo, Sally Shin, Paul Fields, Ian Kaplan, Harlan Robins, Fatima Amanat, Florian Krammer, Ralph S. Baric, Mathieu Gars, Jerald Sadoff, Anne Marit Groot, Dirk Heerwegh, Frank Struyf, Macaya Douoguih, Johan Hoof, Hanneke Schuitemaker and Dan H. Barouch ()
Additional contact information
Galit Alter: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Jingyou Yu: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Jinyan Liu: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Abishek Chandrashekar: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Erica N. Borducchi: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Lisa H. Tostanoski: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Katherine McMahan: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Catherine Jacob-Dolan: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
David R. Martinez: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Aiquan Chang: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Tochi Anioke: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Michelle Lifton: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Joseph Nkolola: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Kathryn E. Stephenson: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Caroline Atyeo: MIT and Harvard
Sally Shin: MIT and Harvard
Paul Fields: Adaptive Biotechnologies
Ian Kaplan: Adaptive Biotechnologies
Harlan Robins: Adaptive Biotechnologies
Fatima Amanat: Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
Florian Krammer: Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
Ralph S. Baric: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Mathieu Gars: Janssen Vaccines & Prevention
Jerald Sadoff: Janssen Vaccines & Prevention
Anne Marit Groot: Janssen Vaccines & Prevention
Dirk Heerwegh: Janssen Research & Development
Frank Struyf: Janssen Research & Development
Macaya Douoguih: Janssen Vaccines & Prevention
Johan Hoof: Janssen Vaccines & Prevention
Hanneke Schuitemaker: Janssen Vaccines & Prevention
Dan H. Barouch: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center

Nature, 2021, vol. 596, issue 7871, 268-272

Abstract: Abstract The Ad26.COV2.S vaccine1–3 has demonstrated clinical efficacy against symptomatic COVID-19, including against the B.1.351 variant that is partially resistant to neutralizing antibodies1. However, the immunogenicity of this vaccine in humans against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern remains unclear. Here we report humoral and cellular immune responses from 20 Ad26.COV2.S vaccinated individuals from the COV1001 phase I–IIa clinical trial2 against the original SARS-CoV-2 strain WA1/2020 as well as against the B.1.1.7, CAL.20C, P.1 and B.1.351 variants of concern. Ad26.COV2.S induced median pseudovirus neutralizing antibody titres that were 5.0-fold and 3.3-fold lower against the B.1.351 and P.1 variants, respectively, as compared with WA1/2020 on day 71 after vaccination. Median binding antibody titres were 2.9-fold and 2.7-fold lower against the B.1.351 and P.1 variants, respectively, as compared with WA1/2020. Antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis, complement deposition and natural killer cell activation responses were largely preserved against the B.1.351 variant. CD8 and CD4 T cell responses, including central and effector memory responses, were comparable among the WA1/2020, B.1.1.7, B.1.351, P.1 and CAL.20C variants. These data show that neutralizing antibody responses induced by Ad26.COV2.S were reduced against the B.1.351 and P.1 variants, but functional non-neutralizing antibody responses and T cell responses were largely preserved against SARS-CoV-2 variants. These findings have implications for vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03681-2

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