Perovskite solar cells with atomically coherent interlayers on SnO2 electrodes

Hanul Min, Do Yoon Lee, Junu Kim, Gwisu Kim, Kyoung Su Lee, Jongbeom Kim, Min Jae Paik, Young Ki Kim, Kwang S. Kim, Min Gyu Kim (), Tae Joo Shin () and Sang Seok ()
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Hanul Min: Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology
Do Yoon Lee: Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology
Junu Kim: Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology
Gwisu Kim: Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology
Kyoung Su Lee: Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology
Jongbeom Kim: Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology
Min Jae Paik: Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology
Young Ki Kim: Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology
Kwang S. Kim: Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology
Min Gyu Kim: Pohang University of Science and Technology
Tae Joo Shin: Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology
Sang Seok: Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology

Nature, 2021, vol. 598, issue 7881, 444-450

Abstract: Abstract In perovskite solar cells, the interfaces between the perovskite and charge-transporting layers contain high concentrations of defects (about 100 times that within the perovskite layer), specifically, deep-level defects, which substantially reduce the power conversion efficiency of the devices1–3. Recent efforts to reduce these interfacial defects have focused mainly on surface passivation4–6. However, passivating the perovskite surface that interfaces with the electron-transporting layer is difficult, because the surface-treatment agents on the electron-transporting layer may dissolve while coating the perovskite thin film. Alternatively, interfacial defects may not be a concern if a coherent interface could be formed between the electron-transporting and perovskite layers. Here we report the formation of an interlayer between a SnO2 electron-transporting layer and a halide perovskite light-absorbing layer, achieved by coupling Cl-bonded SnO2 with a Cl-containing perovskite precursor. This interlayer has atomically coherent features, which enhance charge extraction and transport from the perovskite layer, and fewer interfacial defects. The existence of such a coherent interlayer allowed us to fabricate perovskite solar cells with a power conversion efficiency of 25.8 per cent (certified 25.5 per cent)under standard illumination. Furthermore, unencapsulated devices maintained about 90 per cent of their initial efficiency even after continuous light exposure for 500 hours. Our findings provide guidelines for designing defect-minimizing interfaces between metal halide perovskites and electron-transporting layers.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03964-8

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