NLRs guard metabolism to coordinate pattern- and effector-triggered immunity

Keran Zhai, Di Liang, Helin Li, Fangyuan Jiao, Bingxiao Yan, Jing Liu, Ziyao Lei, Li Huang, Xiangyu Gong, Xin Wang, Jiashun Miao, Yichuan Wang, Ji-Yun Liu, Lin Zhang, Ertao Wang, Yiwen Deng, Chi-Kuang Wen, Hongwei Guo, Bin Han and Zuhua He ()
Additional contact information
Keran Zhai: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Di Liang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Helin Li: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Fangyuan Jiao: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Bingxiao Yan: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Jing Liu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Ziyao Lei: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Li Huang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Xiangyu Gong: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Xin Wang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Jiashun Miao: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yichuan Wang: Institute of Plant and Food Science, Southern University of Science and Technology
Ji-Yun Liu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Lin Zhang: Yangzhou University
Ertao Wang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yiwen Deng: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Chi-Kuang Wen: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Hongwei Guo: Institute of Plant and Food Science, Southern University of Science and Technology
Bin Han: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Zuhua He: Chinese Academy of Sciences

Nature, 2022, vol. 601, issue 7892, 245-251

Abstract: Abstract Pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI) in plants enable them to respond to pathogens by activating the production of defence metabolites that orchestrate immune responses1–4. How the production of defence metabolites is promoted by immune receptors and coordinated with broad-spectrum resistance remains elusive. Here we identify the deubiquitinase PICI1 as an immunity hub for PTI and ETI in rice (Oryza sativa). PICI1 deubiquitinates and stabilizes methionine synthetases to activate methionine-mediated immunity principally through biosynthesis of the phytohormone ethylene. PICI1 is targeted for degradation by blast fungal effectors, including AvrPi9, to dampen PTI. Nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-repeat-containing receptors (NLRs) in the plant immune system, such as PigmR, protect PICI1 from effector-mediated degradation to reboot the methionine–ethylene cascade. Natural variation in the PICI1 gene contributes to divergence in basal blast resistance between the rice subspecies indica and japonica. Thus, NLRs govern an arms race with effectors, using a competitive mode that hinges on a critical defence metabolic pathway to synchronize PTI with ETI and ensure broad-spectrum resistance.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04219-2

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