Phytocytokine signalling reopens stomata in plant immunity and water loss

Zunyong Liu, Shuguo Hou (), Olivier Rodrigues, Ping Wang, Dexian Luo, Shintaro Munemasa, Jiaxin Lei, Jun Liu, Fausto Andres Ortiz-Morea, Xin Wang, Kinya Nomura, Chuanchun Yin, Hongbo Wang, Wei Zhang, Keyan Zhu-Salzman, Sheng Yang He, Ping He () and Libo Shan ()
Additional contact information
Zunyong Liu: Texas A&M University
Shuguo Hou: Texas A&M University
Olivier Rodrigues: Texas A&M University
Ping Wang: Texas A&M University
Dexian Luo: Texas A&M University
Shintaro Munemasa: Okayama University
Jiaxin Lei: Texas A&M University
Jun Liu: Texas A&M University
Fausto Andres Ortiz-Morea: Texas A&M University
Xin Wang: Shandong University
Kinya Nomura: Duke University
Chuanchun Yin: Texas A&M University
Hongbo Wang: Shandong Jianzhu University
Wei Zhang: Shandong University
Keyan Zhu-Salzman: Texas A&M University
Sheng Yang He: Duke University
Ping He: Texas A&M University
Libo Shan: Texas A&M University

Nature, 2022, vol. 605, issue 7909, 332-339

Abstract: Abstract Stomata exert considerable effects on global carbon and water cycles by mediating gas exchange and water vapour1,2. Stomatal closure prevents water loss in response to dehydration and limits pathogen entry3,4. However, prolonged stomatal closure reduces photosynthesis and transpiration and creates aqueous apoplasts that promote colonization by pathogens. How plants dynamically regulate stomatal reopening in a changing climate is unclear. Here we show that the secreted peptides SMALL PHYTOCYTOKINES REGULATING DEFENSE AND WATER LOSS (SCREWs) and the cognate receptor kinase PLANT SCREW UNRESPONSIVE RECEPTOR (NUT) counter-regulate phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA)- and microbe-associated molecular pattern (MAMP)-induced stomatal closure. SCREWs sensed by NUT function as immunomodulatory phytocytokines and recruit SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE (SERK) co-receptors to relay immune signalling. SCREWs trigger the NUT-dependent phosphorylation of ABA INSENSITIVE 1 (ABI1) and ABI2, which leads to an increase in the activity of ABI phosphatases towards OPEN STOMATA 1 (OST1)—a key kinase that mediates ABA- and MAMP-induced stomatal closure5,6—and a reduction in the activity of S-type anion channels. After induction by dehydration and pathogen infection, SCREW–NUT signalling promotes apoplastic water loss and disrupts microorganism-rich aqueous habitats to limit pathogen colonization. The SCREW–NUT system is widely distributed across land plants, which suggests that it has an important role in preventing uncontrolled stomatal closure caused by abiotic and biotic stresses to optimize plant fitness.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04684-3

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