Increasing the resilience of plant immunity to a warming climate

Jong Hum Kim, Christian Danve M. Castroverde (), Shuai Huang, Chao Li, Richard Hilleary, Adam Seroka, Reza Sohrabi, Diana Medina-Yerena, Bethany Huot, Jie Wang, Kinya Nomura, Sharon K. Marr, Mary C. Wildermuth, Tao Chen, John D. MacMicking and Sheng Yang He ()
Additional contact information
Jong Hum Kim: Duke University
Christian Danve M. Castroverde: Michigan State University
Shuai Huang: Yale University
Chao Li: Huazhong Agricultural University
Richard Hilleary: Duke University
Adam Seroka: Duke University
Reza Sohrabi: Duke University
Diana Medina-Yerena: Michigan State University
Bethany Huot: Duke University
Jie Wang: Michigan State University
Kinya Nomura: Duke University
Sharon K. Marr: University of California Berkeley
Mary C. Wildermuth: University of California Berkeley
Tao Chen: Huazhong Agricultural University
John D. MacMicking: Yale University
Sheng Yang He: Duke University

Nature, 2022, vol. 607, issue 7918, 339-344

Abstract: Abstract Extreme weather conditions associated with climate change affect many aspects of plant and animal life, including the response to infectious diseases. Production of salicylic acid (SA), a central plant defence hormone1–3, is particularly vulnerable to suppression by short periods of hot weather above the normal plant growth temperature range via an unknown mechanism4–7. Here we show that suppression of SA production in Arabidopsis thaliana at 28 °C is independent of PHYTOCHROME B8,9 (phyB) and EARLY FLOWERING 310 (ELF3), which regulate thermo-responsive plant growth and development. Instead, we found that formation of GUANYLATE BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE 3 (GBPL3) defence-activated biomolecular condensates11 (GDACs) was reduced at the higher growth temperature. The altered GDAC formation in vivo is linked to impaired recruitment of GBPL3 and SA-associated Mediator subunits to the promoters of CBP60g and SARD1, which encode master immune transcription factors. Unlike many other SA signalling components, including the SA receptor and biosynthetic genes, optimized CBP60g expression was sufficient to broadly restore SA production, basal immunity and effector-triggered immunity at the elevated growth temperature without significant growth trade-offs. CBP60g family transcription factors are widely conserved in plants12. These results have implications for safeguarding the plant immune system as well as understanding the concept of the plant–pathogen–environment disease triangle and the emergence of new disease epidemics in a warming climate.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04902-y

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