Coherent interfaces govern direct transformation from graphite to diamond

Kun Luo, Bing Liu, Wentao Hu, Xiao Dong, Yanbin Wang, Quan Huang, Yufei Gao, Lei Sun, Zhisheng Zhao (), Yingju Wu, Yang Zhang, Mengdong Ma, Xiang-Feng Zhou, Julong He, Dongli Yu, Zhongyuan Liu, Bo Xu and Yongjun Tian
Additional contact information
Kun Luo: Yanshan University
Bing Liu: Yanshan University
Wentao Hu: Yanshan University
Xiao Dong: Nankai University
Yanbin Wang: The University of Chicago
Quan Huang: Zhongyuan University of Technology
Yufei Gao: Yanshan University
Lei Sun: Yanshan University
Zhisheng Zhao: Yanshan University
Yingju Wu: Yanshan University
Yang Zhang: Yanshan University
Mengdong Ma: Yanshan University
Xiang-Feng Zhou: Yanshan University
Julong He: Yanshan University
Dongli Yu: Yanshan University
Zhongyuan Liu: Yanshan University
Bo Xu: Yanshan University
Yongjun Tian: Yanshan University

Nature, 2022, vol. 607, issue 7919, 486-491

Abstract: Abstract Understanding the direct transformation from graphite to diamond has been a long-standing challenge with great scientific and practical importance. Previously proposed transformation mechanisms1–3, based on traditional experimental observations that lacked atomistic resolution, cannot account for the complex nanostructures occurring at graphite−diamond interfaces during the transformation4,5. Here we report the identification of coherent graphite−diamond interfaces, which consist of four basic structural motifs, in partially transformed graphite samples recovered from static compression, using high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy. These observations provide insight into possible pathways of the transformation. Theoretical calculations confirm that transformation through these coherent interfaces is energetically favoured compared with those through other paths previously proposed1–3. The graphite-to-diamond transformation is governed by the formation of nanoscale coherent interfaces (diamond nucleation), which, under static compression, advance to consume the remaining graphite (diamond growth). These results may also shed light on transformation mechanisms of other carbon materials and boron nitride under different synthetic conditions.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04863-2

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