Singlet and triplet Cooper pair splitting in hybrid superconducting nanowires

Guanzhong Wang, Tom Dvir (), Grzegorz P. Mazur, Chun-Xiao Liu, Nick van Loo, Sebastiaan L. D. ten Haaf, Alberto Bordin, Sasa Gazibegovic, Ghada Badawy, Erik P. A. M. Bakkers, Michael Wimmer and Leo P. Kouwenhoven
Additional contact information
Guanzhong Wang: Delft University of Technology
Tom Dvir: Delft University of Technology
Grzegorz P. Mazur: Delft University of Technology
Chun-Xiao Liu: Delft University of Technology
Nick van Loo: Delft University of Technology
Sebastiaan L. D. ten Haaf: Delft University of Technology
Alberto Bordin: Delft University of Technology
Sasa Gazibegovic: Eindhoven University of Technology
Ghada Badawy: Eindhoven University of Technology
Erik P. A. M. Bakkers: Eindhoven University of Technology
Michael Wimmer: Delft University of Technology
Leo P. Kouwenhoven: Delft University of Technology

Nature, 2022, vol. 612, issue 7940, 448-453

Abstract: Abstract In most naturally occurring superconductors, electrons with opposite spins form Cooper pairs. This includes both conventional s-wave superconductors such as aluminium, as well as high-transition-temperature, d-wave superconductors. Materials with intrinsic p-wave superconductivity, hosting Cooper pairs made of equal-spin electrons, have not been conclusively identified, nor synthesized, despite promising progress1–3. Instead, engineered platforms where s-wave superconductors are brought into contact with magnetic materials have shown convincing signatures of equal-spin pairing4–6. Here we directly measure equal-spin pairing between spin-polarized quantum dots. This pairing is proximity-induced from an s-wave superconductor into a semiconducting nanowire with strong spin–orbit interaction. We demonstrate such pairing by showing that breaking a Cooper pair can result in two electrons with equal spin polarization. Our results demonstrate controllable detection of singlet and triplet pairing between the quantum dots. Achieving such triplet pairing in a sequence of quantum dots will be required for realizing an artificial Kitaev chain7–9.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05352-2

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