Disorder-assisted assembly of strongly correlated fluids of light

Brendan Saxberg (), Andrei Vrajitoarea, Gabrielle Roberts, Margaret G. Panetta, Jonathan Simon and David I. Schuster
Additional contact information
Brendan Saxberg: University of Chicago
Andrei Vrajitoarea: University of Chicago
Gabrielle Roberts: University of Chicago
Margaret G. Panetta: University of Chicago
Jonathan Simon: University of Chicago
David I. Schuster: University of Chicago

Nature, 2022, vol. 612, issue 7940, 435-441

Abstract: Abstract Guiding many-body systems to desired states is a central challenge of modern quantum science, with applications from quantum computation1,2 to many-body physics3 and quantum-enhanced metrology4. Approaches to solving this problem include step-by-step assembly5,6, reservoir engineering to irreversibly pump towards a target state7,8 and adiabatic evolution from a known initial state9,10. Here we construct low-entropy quantum fluids of light in a Bose–Hubbard circuit by combining particle-by-particle assembly and adiabatic preparation. We inject individual photons into a disordered lattice for which the eigenstates are known and localized, then adiabatically remove this disorder, enabling quantum fluctuations to melt the photons into a fluid. Using our platform11, we first benchmark this lattice melting technique by building and characterizing arbitrary single-particle-in-a-box states, then assemble multiparticle strongly correlated fluids. Intersite entanglement measurements performed through single-site tomography indicate that the particles in the fluid delocalize, whereas two-body density correlation measurements demonstrate that they also avoid one another, revealing Friedel oscillations characteristic of a Tonks–Girardeau gas12,13. This work opens new possibilities for the preparation of topological and otherwise exotic phases of synthetic matter3,14,15.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05357-x

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