Observation of the orbital Hall effect in a light metal Ti

Young-Gwan Choi, Daegeun Jo, Kyung-Hun Ko, Dongwook Go, Kyung-Han Kim, Hee Gyum Park, Changyoung Kim, Byoung-Chul Min, Gyung-Min Choi () and Hyun-Woo Lee ()
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Young-Gwan Choi: Sungkyunkwan University
Daegeun Jo: Pohang University of Science and Technology
Kyung-Hun Ko: Sungkyunkwan University
Dongwook Go: Peter Grünberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich and JARA
Kyung-Han Kim: Pohang University of Science and Technology
Hee Gyum Park: Center for Spintronics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology
Changyoung Kim: Seoul National University
Byoung-Chul Min: Center for Spintronics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology
Gyung-Min Choi: Sungkyunkwan University
Hyun-Woo Lee: Pohang University of Science and Technology

Nature, 2023, vol. 619, issue 7968, 52-56

Abstract: Abstract The orbital Hall effect1 refers to the generation of electron orbital angular momentum flow transverse to an external electric field. Contrary to the common belief that the orbital angular momentum is quenched in solids, theoretical studies2,3 predict that the orbital Hall effect can be strong and is a fundamental origin of the spin Hall effect4–7 in many transition metals. Despite the growing circumstantial evidence8–11, its direct detection remains elusive. Here we report the magneto-optical observation of the orbital Hall effect in the light metal titanium (Ti). The Kerr rotation by the orbital magnetic moment accumulated at Ti surfaces owing to the orbital Hall current is measured, and the result agrees with theoretical calculations semi-quantitatively and is supported by the orbital torque12 measurement in Ti-based magnetic heterostructures. This result confirms the orbital Hall effect and indicates that the orbital angular momentum is an important dynamic degree of freedom in solids. Moreover, this calls for renewed studies of the orbital effect on other degrees of freedom such as spin2,3,13,14, valley15,16, phonon17–19 and magnon20,21 dynamics.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06101-9

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