Oriented nucleation in formamidinium perovskite for photovoltaics

Pengju Shi, Yong Ding, Bin Ding, Qiyu Xing, Tim Kodalle, Carolin M. Sutter-Fella, Ilhan Yavuz, Canglang Yao, Wei Fan, Jiazhe Xu, Yuan Tian, Danyu Gu, Ke Zhao, Shaun Tan, Xu Zhang, Libing Yao, Paul J. Dyson, Jonathan L. Slack, Deren Yang, Jingjing Xue (), Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin (), Yang Yang () and Rui Wang ()
Additional contact information
Pengju Shi: Zhejiang University
Yong Ding: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL VALAIS
Bin Ding: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL VALAIS
Qiyu Xing: University of California Los Angeles
Tim Kodalle: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Carolin M. Sutter-Fella: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Ilhan Yavuz: Marmara University
Canglang Yao: Fudan University
Wei Fan: Zhejiang University
Jiazhe Xu: Westlake University
Yuan Tian: Zhejiang University
Danyu Gu: Westlake University
Ke Zhao: Zhejiang University
Shaun Tan: University of California Los Angeles
Xu Zhang: Westlake University
Libing Yao: Westlake University
Paul J. Dyson: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL VALAIS
Jonathan L. Slack: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Deren Yang: Zhejiang University
Jingjing Xue: Zhejiang University
Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL VALAIS
Yang Yang: University of California Los Angeles
Rui Wang: Westlake University

Nature, 2023, vol. 620, issue 7973, 323-327

Abstract: Abstract The black phase of formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3) perovskite shows huge promise as an efficient photovoltaic, but it is not favoured energetically at room temperature, meaning that the undesirable yellow phases are always present alongside it during crystallization1–4. This problem has made it difficult to formulate the fast crystallization process of perovskite and develop guidelines governing the formation of black-phase FAPbI3 (refs. 5,6). Here we use in situ monitoring of the perovskite crystallization process to report an oriented nucleation mechanism that can help to avoid the presence of undesirable phases and improve the performance of photovoltaic devices in different film-processing scenarios. The resulting device has a demonstrated power-conversion efficiency of 25.4% (certified 25.0%) and the module, which has an area of 27.83 cm2, has achieved an impressive certified aperture efficiency of 21.4%.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06208-z

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