Mixed-dimensional moiré systems of twisted graphitic thin films

Dacen Waters, Ellis Thompson, Esmeralda Arreguin-Martinez, Manato Fujimoto, Yafei Ren, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Ting Cao, Di Xiao and Matthew Yankowitz ()
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Dacen Waters: University of Washington
Ellis Thompson: University of Washington
Esmeralda Arreguin-Martinez: University of Washington
Manato Fujimoto: University of Washington
Yafei Ren: University of Washington
Kenji Watanabe: National Institute for Materials Science
Takashi Taniguchi: National Institute for Materials Science
Ting Cao: University of Washington
Di Xiao: University of Washington
Matthew Yankowitz: University of Washington

Nature, 2023, vol. 620, issue 7975, 750-755

Abstract: Abstract Moiré patterns formed by stacking atomically thin van der Waals crystals with a relative twist angle can give rise to notable new physical properties1,2. The study of moiré materials has so far been limited to structures comprising no more than a few van der Waals sheets, because a moiré pattern localized to a single two-dimensional interface is generally assumed to be incapable of appreciably modifying the properties of a bulk three-dimensional crystal. Here, we perform transport measurements of dual-gated devices constructed by slightly rotating a monolayer graphene sheet atop a thin bulk graphite crystal. We find that the moiré potential transforms the electronic properties of the entire bulk graphitic thin film. At zero and in small magnetic fields, transport is mediated by a combination of gate-tuneable moiré and graphite surface states, as well as coexisting semimetallic bulk states that do not respond to gating. At high field, the moiré potential hybridizes with the graphitic bulk states due to the unique properties of the two lowest Landau bands of graphite. These Landau bands facilitate the formation of a single quasi-two-dimensional hybrid structure in which the moiré and bulk graphite states are inextricably mixed. Our results establish twisted graphene–graphite as the first in a new class of mixed-dimensional moiré materials.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06290-3

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