Hydrogen-bond-acceptor ligands enable distal C(sp3)–H arylation of free alcohols

Daniel A. Strassfeld, Chia-Yu Chen, Han Seul Park, D. Quang Phan and Jin-Quan Yu ()
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Daniel A. Strassfeld: The Scripps Research Institute
Chia-Yu Chen: The Scripps Research Institute
Han Seul Park: The Scripps Research Institute
D. Quang Phan: The Scripps Research Institute
Jin-Quan Yu: The Scripps Research Institute

Nature, 2023, vol. 622, issue 7981, 80-86

Abstract: Abstract The functionalization of C–H bonds in organic molecules is one of the most direct approaches for chemical synthesis. Recent advances in catalysis have allowed native chemical groups such as carboxylic acids, ketones and amines to control and direct C(sp3)–H activation1–4. However, alcohols, among the most common functionalities in organic chemistry5, have remained intractable because of their low affinity for late transition-metal catalysts6,7. Here we describe ligands that enable alcohol-directed arylation of δ-C(sp3)–H bonds. We use charge balance and a secondary-coordination-sphere hydrogen-bonding interaction—evidenced by structure–activity relationship studies, computational modelling and crystallographic data—to stabilize L-type hydroxyl coordination to palladium, thereby facilitating the assembly of the key C–H cleavage transition state. In contrast to previous studies in C–H activation, in which secondary interactions were used to control selectivity in the context of established reactivity8–13, this report demonstrates the feasibility of using secondary interactions to enable challenging, previously unknown reactivity by enhancing substrate–catalyst affinity.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06485-8

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