Ultralow-resistance electrochemical capacitor for integrable line filtering

Yajie Hu, Mingmao Wu, Fengyao Chi, Guobin Lai, Puying Li, Wenya He, Bing Lu, Chuanxin Weng, Jinguo Lin, Fengen Chen, Huhu Cheng, Feng Liu, Lan Jiang and Liangti Qu ()
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Yajie Hu: Tsinghua University
Mingmao Wu: Fuzhou University
Fengyao Chi: Tsinghua University
Guobin Lai: Fuzhou University
Puying Li: Tsinghua University
Wenya He: Tsinghua University
Bing Lu: Tsinghua University
Chuanxin Weng: Tsinghua University
Jinguo Lin: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Fengen Chen: Tsinghua University
Huhu Cheng: Tsinghua University
Feng Liu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Lan Jiang: Beijing Institute of Technology
Liangti Qu: Tsinghua University

Nature, 2023, vol. 624, issue 7990, 74-79

Abstract: Abstract Electrochemical capacitors are expected to replace conventional electrolytic capacitors in line filtering for integrated circuits and portable electronics1–8. However, practical implementation of electrochemical capacitors into line-filtering circuits has not yet been achieved owing to the difficulty in synergistic accomplishment of fast responses, high specific capacitance, miniaturization and circuit-compatible integration1,4,5,9–12. Here we propose an electric-field enhancement strategy to promote frequency characteristics and capacitance simultaneously. By downscaling the channel width with femtosecond-laser scribing, a miniaturized narrow-channel in-plane electrochemical capacitor shows drastically reduced ionic resistances within both the electrode material and the electrolyte, leading to an ultralow series resistance of 39 mΩ cm2 at 120 Hz. As a consequence, an ultrahigh areal capacitance of up to 5.2 mF cm−2 is achieved with a phase angle of −80° at 120 Hz, twice as large as one of the highest reported previously4,13,14, and little degradation is observed over 1,000,000 cycles. Scalable integration of this electrochemical capacitor into microcircuitry shows a high integration density of 80 cells cm−2 and on-demand customization of capacitance and voltage. In light of excellent filtering performances and circuit compatibility, this work presents an important step of line-filtering electrochemical capacitors towards practical applications in integrated circuits and flexible electronics.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06712-2

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