The social and structural architecture of the yeast protein interactome

André C. Michaelis, Andreas-David Brunner, Maximilian Zwiebel, Florian Meier, Maximilian T. Strauss, Isabell Bludau and Matthias Mann ()
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André C. Michaelis: Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry
Andreas-David Brunner: Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry
Maximilian Zwiebel: Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry
Florian Meier: Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry
Maximilian T. Strauss: University of Copenhagen
Isabell Bludau: Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry
Matthias Mann: Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry

Nature, 2023, vol. 624, issue 7990, 192-200

Abstract: Abstract Cellular functions are mediated by protein–protein interactions, and mapping the interactome provides fundamental insights into biological systems. Affinity purification coupled to mass spectrometry is an ideal tool for such mapping, but it has been difficult to identify low copy number complexes, membrane complexes and complexes that are disrupted by protein tagging. As a result, our current knowledge of the interactome is far from complete, and assessing the reliability of reported interactions is challenging. Here we develop a sensitive high-throughput method using highly reproducible affinity enrichment coupled to mass spectrometry combined with a quantitative two-dimensional analysis strategy to comprehensively map the interactome of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Thousand-fold reduced volumes in 96-well format enabled replicate analysis of the endogenous GFP-tagged library covering the entire expressed yeast proteome1. The 4,159 pull-downs generated a highly structured network of 3,927 proteins connected by 31,004 interactions, doubling the number of proteins and tripling the number of reliable interactions compared with existing interactome maps2. This includes very-low-abundance epigenetic complexes, organellar membrane complexes and non-taggable complexes inferred by abundance correlation. This nearly saturated interactome reveals that the vast majority of yeast proteins are highly connected, with an average of 16 interactors. Similar to social networks between humans, the average shortest distance between proteins is 4.2 interactions. AlphaFold-Multimer provided novel insights into the functional roles of previously uncharacterized proteins in complexes. Our web portal ( www.yeast-interactome.org ) enables extensive exploration of the interactome dataset.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06739-5

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