Low-loss contacts on textured substrates for inverted perovskite solar cells

So Min Park, Mingyang Wei, Nikolaos Lempesis, Wenjin Yu, Tareq Hossain, Lorenzo Agosta, Virginia Carnevali, Harindi R. Atapattu, Peter Serles, Felix T. Eickemeyer, Heejong Shin, Maral Vafaie, Deokjae Choi, Kasra Darabi, Eui Dae Jung, Yi Yang, Da Bin Kim, Shaik M. Zakeeruddin, Bin Chen, Aram Amassian, Tobin Filleter, Mercouri G. Kanatzidis, Kenneth R. Graham, Lixin Xiao, Ursula Rothlisberger, Michael Grätzel () and Edward H. Sargent ()
Additional contact information
So Min Park: Northwestern University
Mingyang Wei: Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Nikolaos Lempesis: Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Wenjin Yu: Peking University
Tareq Hossain: University of Kentucky
Lorenzo Agosta: Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Virginia Carnevali: Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Harindi R. Atapattu: University of Kentucky
Peter Serles: University of Toronto
Felix T. Eickemeyer: Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Heejong Shin: Northwestern University
Maral Vafaie: University of Toronto
Deokjae Choi: Northwestern University
Kasra Darabi: North Carolina State University
Eui Dae Jung: University of Toronto
Yi Yang: Northwestern University
Da Bin Kim: University of Toronto
Shaik M. Zakeeruddin: Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Bin Chen: Northwestern University
Aram Amassian: North Carolina State University
Tobin Filleter: University of Toronto
Mercouri G. Kanatzidis: Northwestern University
Kenneth R. Graham: University of Kentucky
Lixin Xiao: Peking University
Ursula Rothlisberger: Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Michael Grätzel: Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Edward H. Sargent: Northwestern University

Nature, 2023, vol. 624, issue 7991, 289-294

Abstract: Abstract Inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) promise enhanced operating stability compared to their normal-structure counterparts1–3. To improve efficiency further, it is crucial to combine effective light management with low interfacial losses4,5. Here we develop a conformal self-assembled monolayer (SAM) as the hole-selective contact on light-managing textured substrates. Molecular dynamics simulations indicate that cluster formation during phosphonic acid adsorption leads to incomplete SAM coverage. We devise a co-adsorbent strategy that disassembles high-order clusters, thus homogenizing the distribution of phosphonic acid molecules, and thereby minimizing interfacial recombination and improving electronic structures. We report a laboratory-measured power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.3% and a certified quasi-steady-state PCE of 24.8% for inverted PSCs, with a photocurrent approaching 95% of the Shockley–Queisser maximum. An encapsulated device having a PCE of 24.6% at room temperature retains 95% of its peak performance when stressed at 65 °C and 50% relative humidity following more than 1,000 h of maximum power point tracking under 1 sun illumination. This represents one of the most stable PSCs subjected to accelerated ageing: achieved with a PCE surpassing 24%. The engineering of phosphonic acid adsorption on textured substrates offers a promising avenue for efficient and stable PSCs. It is also anticipated to benefit other optoelectronic devices that require light management.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06745-7

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