A 12.4-day periodicity in a close binary system after a supernova

Ping Chen (), Avishay Gal-Yam, Jesper Sollerman, Steve Schulze, Richard S. Post, Chang Liu, Eran O. Ofek, Kaustav K. Das, Christoffer Fremling, Assaf Horesh, Boaz Katz, Doron Kushnir, Mansi M. Kasliwal, Shri R. Kulkarni, Dezi Liu, Xiangkun Liu, Adam A. Miller, Kovi Rose, Eli Waxman, Sheng Yang, Yuhan Yao, Barak Zackay, Eric C. Bellm, Richard Dekany, Andrew J. Drake, Yuan Fang, Johan P. U. Fynbo, Steven L. Groom, George Helou, Ido Irani, Theophile Jegou du Laz, Xiaowei Liu, Paolo A. Mazzali, James D. Neill, Yu-Jing Qin, Reed L. Riddle, Amir Sharon, Nora L. Strotjohann, Avery Wold and Lin Yan
Additional contact information
Ping Chen: Weizmann Institute of Science
Avishay Gal-Yam: Weizmann Institute of Science
Jesper Sollerman: Stockholm University
Steve Schulze: Stockholm University
Richard S. Post: Post Observatory
Chang Liu: Northwestern University
Eran O. Ofek: Weizmann Institute of Science
Kaustav K. Das: California Institute of Technology
Christoffer Fremling: California Institute of Technology
Assaf Horesh: The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Boaz Katz: Weizmann Institute of Science
Doron Kushnir: Weizmann Institute of Science
Mansi M. Kasliwal: California Institute of Technology
Shri R. Kulkarni: California Institute of Technology
Dezi Liu: Yunnan University
Xiangkun Liu: Yunnan University
Adam A. Miller: Northwestern University
Kovi Rose: The University of Sydney
Eli Waxman: Weizmann Institute of Science
Sheng Yang: Stockholm University
Yuhan Yao: California Institute of Technology
Barak Zackay: Weizmann Institute of Science
Eric C. Bellm: University of Washington
Richard Dekany: California Institute of Technology
Andrew J. Drake: California Institute of Technology
Yuan Fang: Yunnan University
Johan P. U. Fynbo: The Cosmic DAWN Center
Steven L. Groom: California Institute of Technology
George Helou: California Institute of Technology
Ido Irani: Weizmann Institute of Science
Theophile Jegou du Laz: California Institute of Technology
Xiaowei Liu: Yunnan University
Paolo A. Mazzali: Liverpool John Moores University
James D. Neill: California Institute of Technology
Yu-Jing Qin: California Institute of Technology
Reed L. Riddle: California Institute of Technology
Amir Sharon: Weizmann Institute of Science
Nora L. Strotjohann: Weizmann Institute of Science
Avery Wold: California Institute of Technology
Lin Yan: California Institute of Technology

Nature, 2024, vol. 625, issue 7994, 253-258

Abstract: Abstract Neutron stars and stellar-mass black holes are the remnants of massive star explosions1. Most massive stars reside in close binary systems2, and the interplay between the companion star and the newly formed compact object has been theoretically explored3, but signatures for binarity or evidence for the formation of a compact object during a supernova explosion are still lacking. Here we report a stripped-envelope supernova, SN 2022jli, which shows 12.4-day periodic undulations during the declining light curve. Narrow Hα emission is detected in late-time spectra with concordant periodic velocity shifts, probably arising from hydrogen gas stripped from a companion and accreted onto the compact remnant. A new Fermi-LAT γ-ray source is temporally and positionally consistent with SN 2022jli. The observed properties of SN 2022jli, including periodic undulations in the optical light curve, coherent Hα emission shifting and evidence for association with a γ-ray source, point to the explosion of a massive star in a binary system leaving behind a bound compact remnant. Mass accretion from the companion star onto the compact object powers the light curve of the supernova and generates the γ-ray emission.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06787-x

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