Negative mixing enthalpy solid solutions deliver high strength and ductility

Zibing An, Ang Li, Shengcheng Mao (), Tao Yang, Lingyu Zhu, Rui Wang, Zhaoxuan Wu, Bin Zhang, Ruiwen Shao, Cheng Jiang, Boxuan Cao, Caijuan Shi, Yang Ren, Cheng Liu, Haibo Long, Jianfei Zhang, Wei Li, Feng He, Ligang Sun, Junbo Zhao, Luyan Yang, Xiaoyuan Zhou, Xiao Wei, Yunmin Chen, Zhouguang Lu, Fuzeng Ren, Chain-Tsuan Liu, Ze Zhang and Xiaodong Han ()
Additional contact information
Zibing An: Beijing University of Technology
Ang Li: Beijing University of Technology
Shengcheng Mao: Beijing University of Technology
Tao Yang: City University of Hong Kong
Lingyu Zhu: City University of Hong Kong
Rui Wang: City University of Hong Kong
Zhaoxuan Wu: City University of Hong Kong
Bin Zhang: Chongqing University
Ruiwen Shao: Beijing Institute of Technology
Cheng Jiang: Beijing University of Technology
Boxuan Cao: City University of Hong Kong
Caijuan Shi: Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yang Ren: City University of Hong Kong
Cheng Liu: Zhejiang University
Haibo Long: Beijing University of Technology
Jianfei Zhang: Beijing University of Technology
Wei Li: Beijing University of Technology
Feng He: Northwestern Polytechnical University
Ligang Sun: School of Science Harbin Institute of Technology
Junbo Zhao: Beijing University of Technology
Luyan Yang: Beijing University of Technology
Xiaoyuan Zhou: Chongqing University
Xiao Wei: Zhejiang University
Yunmin Chen: Zhejiang University
Zhouguang Lu: Southern University of Science and Technology
Fuzeng Ren: Southern University of Science and Technology
Chain-Tsuan Liu: City University of Hong Kong
Ze Zhang: Beijing University of Technology
Xiaodong Han: Beijing University of Technology

Nature, 2024, vol. 625, issue 7996, 697-702

Abstract: Abstract Body-centred cubic refractory multi-principal element alloys (MPEAs), with several refractory metal elements as constituents and featuring a yield strength greater than one gigapascal, are promising materials to meet the demands of aggressive structural applications1–6. Their low-to-no tensile ductility at room temperature, however, limits their processability and scaled-up application7–10. Here we present a HfNbTiVAl10 alloy that shows remarkable tensile ductility (roughly 20%) and ultrahigh yield strength (roughly 1,390 megapascals). Notably, these are among the best synergies compared with other related alloys. Such superb synergies derive from the addition of aluminium to the HfNbTiV alloy, resulting in a negative mixing enthalpy solid solution, which promotes strength and favours the formation of hierarchical chemical fluctuations (HCFs). The HCFs span many length scales, ranging from submicrometre to atomic scale, and create a high density of diffusive boundaries that act as effective barriers for dislocation motion. Consequently, versatile dislocation configurations are sequentially stimulated, enabling the alloy to accommodate plastic deformation while fostering substantial interactions that give rise to two unusual strain-hardening rate upturns. Thus, plastic instability is significantly delayed, which expands the plastic regime as ultralarge tensile ductility. This study provides valuable insights into achieving a synergistic combination of ultrahigh strength and large tensile ductility in MPEAs.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06894-9

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