Dopant-additive synergism enhances perovskite solar modules

Bin Ding, Yong Ding (), Jun Peng, Jan Romano-deGea, Lindsey E. K. Frederiksen, Hiroyuki Kanda, Olga A. Syzgantseva, Maria A. Syzgantseva, Jean-Nicolas Audinot, Jerome Bour, Song Zhang, Tom Wirtz, Zhaofu Fei (), Patrick Dörflinger, Naoyuki Shibayama, Yunjuan Niu, Sixia Hu, Shunlin Zhang, Farzaneh Fadaei Tirani, Yan Liu, Guan-Jun Yang, Keith Brooks, Linhua Hu, Sachin Kinge, Vladimir Dyakonov, Xiaohong Zhang (), Songyuan Dai, Paul J. Dyson () and Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin ()
Additional contact information
Bin Ding: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Yong Ding: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Jun Peng: Soochow University
Jan Romano-deGea: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Lindsey E. K. Frederiksen: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Hiroyuki Kanda: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Olga A. Syzgantseva: Lomonosov Moscow State University
Maria A. Syzgantseva: Lomonosov Moscow State University
Jean-Nicolas Audinot: Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST)
Jerome Bour: Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST)
Song Zhang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Tom Wirtz: Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST)
Zhaofu Fei: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Patrick Dörflinger: Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg
Naoyuki Shibayama: Toin University of Yokohama
Yunjuan Niu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Sixia Hu: Southern University of Science and Technology
Shunlin Zhang: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Farzaneh Fadaei Tirani: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Yan Liu: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Guan-Jun Yang: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Keith Brooks: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Linhua Hu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Sachin Kinge: Toyota Motor Europe
Vladimir Dyakonov: Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg
Xiaohong Zhang: Soochow University
Songyuan Dai: North China Electric Power University
Paul J. Dyson: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)

Nature, 2024, vol. 628, issue 8007, 299-305

Abstract: Abstract Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are among the most promising photovoltaic technologies owing to their exceptional optoelectronic properties1,2. However, the lower efficiency, poor stability and reproducibility issues of large-area PSCs compared with laboratory-scale PSCs are notable drawbacks that hinder their commercialization3. Here we report a synergistic dopant-additive combination strategy using methylammonium chloride (MACl) as the dopant and a Lewis-basic ionic-liquid additive, 1,3-bis(cyanomethyl)imidazolium chloride ([Bcmim]Cl). This strategy effectively inhibits the degradation of the perovskite precursor solution (PPS), suppresses the aggregation of MACl and results in phase-homogeneous and stable perovskite films with high crystallinity and fewer defects. This approach enabled the fabrication of perovskite solar modules (PSMs) that achieved a certified efficiency of 23.30% and ultimately stabilized at 22.97% over a 27.22-cm2 aperture area, marking the highest certified PSM performance. Furthermore, the PSMs showed long-term operational stability, maintaining 94.66% of the initial efficiency after 1,000 h under continuous one-sun illumination at room temperature. The interaction between [Bcmim]Cl and MACl was extensively studied to unravel the mechanism leading to an enhancement of device properties. Our approach holds substantial promise for bridging the benchtop-to-rooftop gap and advancing the production and commercialization of large-area perovskite photovoltaics.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07228-z

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