Creation of memory–memory entanglement in a metropolitan quantum network

Jian-Long Liu, Xi-Yu Luo, Yong Yu, Chao-Yang Wang, Bin Wang, Yi Hu, Jun Li, Ming-Yang Zheng, Bo Yao, Zi Yan, Da Teng, Jin-Wei Jiang, Xiao-Bing Liu, Xiu-Ping Xie, Jun Zhang, Qing-He Mao, Xiao Jiang, Qiang Zhang, Xiao-Hui Bao () and Jian-Wei Pan ()
Additional contact information
Jian-Long Liu: University of Science and Technology of China
Xi-Yu Luo: University of Science and Technology of China
Yong Yu: University of Science and Technology of China
Chao-Yang Wang: University of Science and Technology of China
Bin Wang: University of Science and Technology of China
Yi Hu: University of Science and Technology of China
Jun Li: University of Science and Technology of China
Ming-Yang Zheng: Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology
Bo Yao: Chinese Academy of Science
Zi Yan: University of Science and Technology of China
Da Teng: University of Science and Technology of China
Jin-Wei Jiang: University of Science and Technology of China
Xiao-Bing Liu: Chinese Academy of Science
Xiu-Ping Xie: Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology
Jun Zhang: University of Science and Technology of China
Qing-He Mao: Chinese Academy of Science
Xiao Jiang: University of Science and Technology of China
Qiang Zhang: University of Science and Technology of China
Xiao-Hui Bao: University of Science and Technology of China
Jian-Wei Pan: University of Science and Technology of China

Nature, 2024, vol. 629, issue 8012, 579-585

Abstract: Abstract Towards realizing the future quantum internet1,2, a pivotal milestone entails the transition from two-node proof-of-principle experiments conducted in laboratories to comprehensive multi-node set-ups on large scales. Here we report the creation of memory–memory entanglement in a multi-node quantum network over a metropolitan area. We use three independent memory nodes, each of which is equipped with an atomic ensemble quantum memory3 that has telecom conversion, together with a photonic server where detection of a single photon heralds the success of entanglement generation. The memory nodes are maximally separated apart for 12.5 kilometres. We actively stabilize the phase variance owing to fibre links and control lasers. We demonstrate concurrent entanglement generation between any two memory nodes. The memory lifetime is longer than the round-trip communication time. Our work provides a metropolitan-scale testbed for the evaluation and exploration of multi-node quantum network protocols and starts a stage of quantum internet research.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07308-0

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