Photocatalytic doping of organic semiconductors

Wenlong Jin, Chi-Yuan Yang (), Riccardo Pau, Qingqing Wang, Eelco K. Tekelenburg, Han-Yan Wu, Ziang Wu, Sang Young Jeong, Federico Pitzalis, Tiefeng Liu, Qiao He, Qifan Li, Jun-Da Huang, Renee Kroon, Martin Heeney, Han Young Woo, Andrea Mura, Alessandro Motta, Antonio Facchetti, Mats Fahlman, Maria Antonietta Loi and Simone Fabiano ()
Additional contact information
Wenlong Jin: Linköping University
Chi-Yuan Yang: Linköping University
Riccardo Pau: University of Groningen
Qingqing Wang: Linköping University
Eelco K. Tekelenburg: University of Groningen
Han-Yan Wu: Linköping University
Ziang Wu: Korea University
Sang Young Jeong: Korea University
Federico Pitzalis: Università degli Studi di Cagliari
Tiefeng Liu: Linköping University
Qiao He: Imperial College London
Qifan Li: Linköping University
Jun-Da Huang: Linköping University
Renee Kroon: Linköping University
Martin Heeney: Imperial College London
Han Young Woo: Korea University
Andrea Mura: Università degli Studi di Cagliari
Alessandro Motta: Università di Roma “La Sapienza” and INSTM, UdR Roma
Antonio Facchetti: Georgia Institute of Technology
Mats Fahlman: Linköping University
Maria Antonietta Loi: University of Groningen
Simone Fabiano: Linköping University

Nature, 2024, vol. 630, issue 8015, 96-101

Abstract: Abstract Chemical doping is an important approach to manipulating charge-carrier concentration and transport in organic semiconductors (OSCs)1–3 and ultimately enhances device performance4–7. However, conventional doping strategies often rely on the use of highly reactive (strong) dopants8–10, which are consumed during the doping process. Achieving efficient doping with weak and/or widely accessible dopants under mild conditions remains a considerable challenge. Here, we report a previously undescribed concept for the photocatalytic doping of OSCs that uses air as a weak oxidant (p-dopant) and operates at room temperature. This is a general approach that can be applied to various OSCs and photocatalysts, yielding electrical conductivities that exceed 3,000 S cm–1. We also demonstrate the successful photocatalytic reduction (n-doping) and simultaneous p-doping and n-doping of OSCs in which the organic salt used to maintain charge neutrality is the only chemical consumed. Our photocatalytic doping method offers great potential for advancing OSC doping and developing next-generation organic electronic devices.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07400-5

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