Legionella effector LnaB is a phosphoryl-AMPylase that impairs phosphosignalling

Ting Wang, Xiaonan Song, Jiaxing Tan, Wei Xian, Xingtong Zhou, Mingru Yu, Xiaofei Wang, Yan Xu, Ting Wu, Keke Yuan, Yu Ran, Bing Yang, Gaofeng Fan, Xiaoyun Liu (), Yan Zhou () and Yongqun Zhu ()
Additional contact information
Ting Wang: Zhejiang University
Xiaonan Song: Zhejiang University
Jiaxing Tan: Zhejiang University
Wei Xian: Peking University Health Science Center
Xingtong Zhou: Zhejiang University
Mingru Yu: Zhejiang University
Xiaofei Wang: Zhejiang University
Yan Xu: Zhejiang University
Ting Wu: Zhejiang University
Keke Yuan: Zhejiang University
Yu Ran: Zhejiang University
Bing Yang: Zhejiang University
Gaofeng Fan: ShanghaiTech University
Xiaoyun Liu: Peking University Health Science Center
Yan Zhou: Zhejiang University
Yongqun Zhu: Zhejiang University

Nature, 2024, vol. 631, issue 8020, 393-401

Abstract: Abstract AMPylation is a post-translational modification in which AMP is added to the amino acid side chains of proteins1,2. Here we show that, with ATP as the ligand and actin as the host activator, the effector protein LnaB of Legionella pneumophila exhibits AMPylase activity towards the phosphoryl group of phosphoribose on PRR42-Ub that is generated by the SidE family of effectors, and deubiquitinases DupA and DupB in an E1- and E2-independent ubiquitination process3–7. The product of LnaB is further hydrolysed by an ADP-ribosylhydrolase, MavL, to Ub, thereby preventing the accumulation of PRR42-Ub and ADPRR42-Ub and protecting canonical ubiquitination in host cells. LnaB represents a large family of AMPylases that adopt a common structural fold, distinct from those of the previously known AMPylases, and LnaB homologues are found in more than 20 species of bacterial pathogens. Moreover, LnaB also exhibits robust phosphoryl-AMPylase activity towards phosphorylated residues and produces unique ADPylation modifications in proteins. During infection, LnaB AMPylates the conserved phosphorylated tyrosine residues in the activation loop of the Src family of kinases8,9, which dampens downstream phosphorylation signalling in the host. Structural studies reveal the actin-dependent activation and catalytic mechanisms of the LnaB family of AMPylases. This study identifies, to our knowledge, an unprecedented molecular regulation mechanism in bacterial pathogenesis and protein phosphorylation.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07573-z

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