Airborne DNA reveals predictable spatial and seasonal dynamics of fungi

Nerea Abrego (), Brendan Furneaux, Bess Hardwick, Panu Somervuo, Isabella Palorinne, Carlos A. Aguilar-Trigueros, Nigel R. Andrew, Ulyana V. Babiy, Tan Bao, Gisela Bazzano, Svetlana N. Bondarchuk, Timothy C. Bonebrake, Georgina L. Brennan, Syndonia Bret-Harte, Claus Bässler, Luciano Cagnolo, Erin K. Cameron, Elodie Chapurlat, Simon Creer, Luigi P. D’Acqui, Natasha Vere, Marie-Laure Desprez-Loustau, Michel A. K. Dongmo, Ida B. Dyrholm Jacobsen, Brian L. Fisher, Miguel Flores de Jesus, Gregory S. Gilbert, Gareth W. Griffith, Anna A. Gritsuk, Andrin Gross, Håkan Grudd, Panu Halme, Rachid Hanna, Jannik Hansen, Lars Holst Hansen, Apollon D. M. T. Hegbe, Sarah Hill, Ian D. Hogg, Jenni Hultman, Kevin D. Hyde, Nicole A. Hynson, Natalia Ivanova, Petteri Karisto, Deirdre Kerdraon, Anastasia Knorre, Irmgard Krisai-Greilhuber, Juri Kurhinen, Masha Kuzmina, Nicolas Lecomte, Erin Lecomte, Viviana Loaiza, Erik Lundin, Alexander Meire, Armin Mešić, Otto Miettinen, Norman Monkhouse, Peter Mortimer, Jörg Müller, R. Henrik Nilsson, Puani Yannick C. Nonti, Jenni Nordén, Björn Nordén, Veera Norros, Claudia Paz, Petri Pellikka, Danilo Pereira, Geoff Petch, Juha-Matti Pitkänen, Flavius Popa, Caitlin Potter, Jenna Purhonen, Sanna Pätsi, Abdullah Rafiq, Dimby Raharinjanahary, Niklas Rakos, Achala R. Rathnayaka, Katrine Raundrup, Yury A. Rebriev, Jouko Rikkinen, Hanna M. K. Rogers, Andrey Rogovsky, Yuri Rozhkov, Kadri Runnel, Annika Saarto, Anton Savchenko, Markus Schlegel, Niels Martin Schmidt, Sebastian Seibold, Carsten Skjøth, Elisa Stengel, Svetlana V. Sutyrina, Ilkka Syvänperä, Leho Tedersoo, Jebidiah Timm, Laura Tipton, Hirokazu Toju, Maria Uscka-Perzanowska, Michelle Bank, F. Herman Bank, Bryan Vandenbrink, Stefano Ventura, Solvi R. Vignisson, Xiaoyang Wang, Wolfgang W. Weisser, Subodini N. Wijesinghe, S. Joseph Wright, Chunyan Yang, Nourou S. Yorou, Amanda Young, Douglas W. Yu, Evgeny V. Zakharov, Paul D. N. Hebert, Tomas Roslin and Otso Ovaskainen
Additional contact information
Nerea Abrego: University of Jyväskylä
Brendan Furneaux: University of Jyväskylä
Bess Hardwick: University of Helsinki
Panu Somervuo: University of Helsinki
Isabella Palorinne: University of Helsinki
Carlos A. Aguilar-Trigueros: University of Jyväskylä
Nigel R. Andrew: University of New England
Ulyana V. Babiy: Wrangel Island State Nature Reserve
Tan Bao: MacEwan University
Gisela Bazzano: Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
Svetlana N. Bondarchuk: Sikhote-Alin State Nature Biosphere Reserve named after K. G. Abramov
Timothy C. Bonebrake: The University of Hong Kong
Georgina L. Brennan: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Syndonia Bret-Harte: University of Alaska
Claus Bässler: Goethe-University Frankfurt
Luciano Cagnolo: Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)
Erin K. Cameron: Saint Mary’s University
Elodie Chapurlat: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU)
Simon Creer: Bangor University
Luigi P. D’Acqui: Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems - IRET, National Research Council - CNR and National Biodiversity Future Center
Natasha Vere: University of Copenhagen
Marie-Laure Desprez-Loustau: University of Bordeaux
Michel A. K. Dongmo: The University of Hong Kong
Ida B. Dyrholm Jacobsen: Greenland Institute of Natural Resources
Brian L. Fisher: California Academy of Sciences
Miguel Flores de Jesus: Legado das Águas, Reserva Votorantin
Gregory S. Gilbert: University of California Santa Cruz
Gareth W. Griffith: Aberystwyth University
Anna A. Gritsuk: Sikhote-Alin State Nature Biosphere Reserve named after K. G. Abramov
Andrin Gross: Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL
Håkan Grudd: Abisko Scientific Research Station
Panu Halme: University of Jyväskylä
Rachid Hanna: University of California Los Angeles
Jannik Hansen: Aarhus University
Lars Holst Hansen: Aarhus University
Apollon D. M. T. Hegbe: University of Parakou
Sarah Hill: University of New England
Ian D. Hogg: Polar Knowledge Canada
Jenni Hultman: University of Helsinki
Kevin D. Hyde: Mae Fah Luang University
Nicole A. Hynson: University of Hawaii at Manoa
Natalia Ivanova: University of Guelph
Petteri Karisto: ETH Zurich
Deirdre Kerdraon: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU)
Anastasia Knorre: National Park Krasnoyarsk Stolby
Irmgard Krisai-Greilhuber: University of Vienna
Juri Kurhinen: University of Helsinki
Masha Kuzmina: University of Guelph
Nicolas Lecomte: Université de Moncton
Erin Lecomte: Université de Moncton
Viviana Loaiza: University of Zürich
Erik Lundin: Abisko Scientific Research Station
Alexander Meire: Abisko Scientific Research Station
Armin Mešić: Rudjer Boskovic Institute
Otto Miettinen: University of Helsinki
Norman Monkhouse: University of Guelph
Peter Mortimer: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Jörg Müller: Bavarian Forest National Park
R. Henrik Nilsson: University of Gothenburg
Puani Yannick C. Nonti: University of Parakou
Jenni Nordén: Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA)
Björn Nordén: Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA)
Veera Norros: Finnish Environment Institute (Syke)
Claudia Paz: São Paulo State University
Petri Pellikka: University of Helsinki
Danilo Pereira: ETH Zurich
Geoff Petch: University of Worcester
Juha-Matti Pitkänen: Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke)
Flavius Popa: Black Forest National Park
Caitlin Potter: Aberystwyth University
Jenna Purhonen: University of Jyväskylä
Sanna Pätsi: University of Turku
Abdullah Rafiq: Bangor University
Dimby Raharinjanahary: Parc Botanique et Zoologique de Tsimbazaza
Niklas Rakos: Abisko Scientific Research Station
Achala R. Rathnayaka: Mae Fah Luang University
Katrine Raundrup: Greenland Institute of Natural Resources
Yury A. Rebriev: Southern Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Jouko Rikkinen: University of Helsinki
Hanna M. K. Rogers: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU)
Andrey Rogovsky: National Park Krasnoyarsk Stolby
Yuri Rozhkov: State Nature Reserve Olekminsky
Kadri Runnel: University of Tartu
Annika Saarto: University of Turku
Anton Savchenko: University of Tartu
Markus Schlegel: Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL
Niels Martin Schmidt: Aarhus University
Sebastian Seibold: TUD Dresden University of Technology
Carsten Skjøth: University of Worcester
Elisa Stengel: Julius Maximilians University Würzburg
Svetlana V. Sutyrina: Sikhote-Alin State Nature Biosphere Reserve named after K. G. Abramov
Ilkka Syvänperä: University of Turku
Leho Tedersoo: University of Tartu
Jebidiah Timm: University of Alaska
Laura Tipton: Chaminade University of Honolulu
Hirokazu Toju: Kyoto University
Maria Uscka-Perzanowska: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU)
Michelle Bank: University of Johannesburg
F. Herman Bank: University of Johannesburg
Bryan Vandenbrink: Polar Knowledge Canada
Stefano Ventura: Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems - IRET, National Research Council - CNR and National Biodiversity Future Center
Solvi R. Vignisson: Sudurnes Science and Learning Center
Xiaoyang Wang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Wolfgang W. Weisser: Technical University of Munich
Subodini N. Wijesinghe: Mae Fah Luang University
S. Joseph Wright: Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute
Chunyan Yang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Nourou S. Yorou: University of Parakou
Amanda Young: University of Alaska
Douglas W. Yu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Evgeny V. Zakharov: University of Guelph
Paul D. N. Hebert: University of Guelph
Tomas Roslin: University of Helsinki
Otso Ovaskainen: University of Jyväskylä

Nature, 2024, vol. 631, issue 8022, 835-842

Abstract: Abstract Fungi are among the most diverse and ecologically important kingdoms in life. However, the distributional ranges of fungi remain largely unknown as do the ecological mechanisms that shape their distributions1,2. To provide an integrated view of the spatial and seasonal dynamics of fungi, we implemented a globally distributed standardized aerial sampling of fungal spores3. The vast majority of operational taxonomic units were detected within only one climatic zone, and the spatiotemporal patterns of species richness and community composition were mostly explained by annual mean air temperature. Tropical regions hosted the highest fungal diversity except for lichenized, ericoid mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal fungi, which reached their peak diversity in temperate regions. The sensitivity in climatic responses was associated with phylogenetic relatedness, suggesting that large-scale distributions of some fungal groups are partially constrained by their ancestral niche. There was a strong phylogenetic signal in seasonal sensitivity, suggesting that some groups of fungi have retained their ancestral trait of sporulating for only a short period. Overall, our results show that the hyperdiverse kingdom of fungi follows globally highly predictable spatial and temporal dynamics, with seasonality in both species richness and community composition increasing with latitude. Our study reports patterns resembling those described for other major groups of organisms, thus making a major contribution to the long-standing debate on whether organisms with a microbial lifestyle follow the global biodiversity paradigms known for macroorganisms4,5.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07658-9

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